Isigeniso: IChalaza Elingaqondakali
Kubantu abaningi, i-chalaza yeqanda ihlala iyimfihlakalo. Isakhiwo esincane esifana nentambo esingabonakala lapho kuqhephuka iqanda, kodwa kufeza yiphi injongo? I-chalaza ingase ibonakale ingabalulekile, kodwa empeleni idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuvikelekeni kombungu ngaphakathi kweqanda. Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola i-anatomy yeqanda kanye nomsebenzi we-chalaza.
Liyini iChalaza Leqanda?
I-chalaza iyintambo emise okwe-spiral, enothe nge-albumin enamathisela i-yolk kulwelwesi lwegobolondo kunoma iyiphi indawo. Itholakala ezinhlangothini ezihlukene zeqanda, futhi ingabonakala njengezakhiwo ezimbili ezimhlophe, ezinezintambo lapho kuqhekezwa kuvula iqanda. I-chalaza akufanele ihlanganiswe ne-germinal disc, etholakala ku-yolk futhi yilapho kwenzeka khona ukuvundiswa.
I-chalaza yakheka ngesikhathi sokubunjwa kweqanda emgudwini wokuzala wesikhukhukazi. Njengoba i-yolk ihamba phansi ku-oviduct, izingqimba ze-albumen zengezwa nxazonke. I-chalaza yakheka ngenxa yokusonteka nokugoqa kwe-albumen phakathi nalolu hlelo. Njengoba iqanda libekwa, i-chalaza igxilisa i-yolk endaweni futhi ivimbele ukuthi ihambe kakhulu ngaphakathi kweqanda.
Ukuqonda I-Anatomy Yeqanda
Ukuze uqonde kangcono indima ye-chalaza, kubalulekile ukuba nokuqonda okuyisisekelo kwe-anatomy yeqanda. Iqanda liqukethe izingqimba eziningana, eziqala ngaphandle futhi ezihambayo ngaphakathi: igobolondo, ulwelwesi lwegobolondo, i-air cell, i-albumen (noma emhlophe njengeqanda), i-chalaza, ne-yolk. Lezi zingqimba zivikela futhi zondle umbungu okhulayo ngaphakathi kweqanda.
Igobolondo lenziwe nge-calcium carbonate futhi linikeza umgoqo ovikelayo ekulimaleni ngokomzimba namagciwane. Ulwelwesi lwegobolondo luwungqimba oluncane oluhlala phakathi kwegobolondo ne-albumen, futhi lusiza ukugcina iqanda lingomi. Ingqamuzana lomoya litholakala ngaphansi kweqanda futhi liya liba likhulu njengoba iqanda liguga. I-albumen inikeza umthombo wamanzi, amaprotheni, nezinye izakhi zombungu okhulayo, kuyilapho isikhuphasha siqukethe amafutha, amavithamini, namaminerali nawo abalulekile ekukhuleni.
Uyini Umsebenzi WeChalaza?
I-chalaza inemisebenzi eminingana ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni nasekuvikelekeni kombungu ngaphakathi kweqanda. Enye yezindima zayo eziyinhloko ukugcina isikhuphasha sisendaweni futhi sivimbele ukuthi singahambi kakhulu ngaphakathi kweqanda. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba i-yolk iqukethe zonke izakhi ezidingwa umbungu osakhulayo, futhi ukunyakaza kakhulu kungalimaza isikhupha noma kuphazamise ukukhula kombungu.
I-chalaza iphinde isize ukubeka umbungu lapho i-germinal disc ibheke phezulu. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba kuvumela i-embryo ukuthi ithole umoya-mpilo engqamuzaneni lomoya futhi kusiza ukuvimbela i-yolk ukuthi inganamatheli kulwelwesi lwegobolondo. Ukwengeza, i-chalaza isebenza njengento ebamba ukushaqeka, ivikela umbungu ekunyakazekeni okungazelelwe noma imithelela engenzeka lapho ithuthwa noma iphathwa.
Iqhaza LeChalaza Ekuvundiseni
Nakuba i-chalaza ingabandakanyeki ngokuqondile ekuvundiseni, ingaba neqhaza ekutholeni ubulili betshwele elizochamusela eqandeni. I-germinal disc, etholakala ku-yolk, iqukethe izakhi zofuzo ezizonquma ubulili betshwele. Uma iqanda lijikeleziswa ngesikhathi sokubekela, i-chalaza ingabangela i-germinal disc ukuthi ishintshe indawo, okungathinta ubulili betshwele elikhulayo.
IChalaza Liwugcina Kanjani Umbungu Uphephile
I-chalaza ayigcini nje ngokusiza ukugcina i-yolk endaweni, kodwa futhi ivikela umbungu okhulayo ekulimaleni. Isibonelo, uma iqanda liwiswa noma liqhunyiswa, i-chalaza isebenza njenge-shock absorber, inciphisa umthelela ku-embryo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-chalaza isiza ukuvimbela amagciwane ukuthi angangeni eqandeni, okungalimaza umbungu noma kubangele ukubola.
Ukudluliswa Komsoco NgeChalaza
I-chalaza ayigcini nje ngokuqinisa i-yolk endaweni, kodwa futhi isebenza njengendawo yokudlulisa izakhamzimba ku-embryo osakhulayo. Njengoba i-albumen yengezwa eduze kwe-yolk, izakhi ezinjengamaprotheni, amaminerali, namanzi nazo zengezwa. Lezi zakhi zibe sezithuthelwa ku-embryo okhulayo ngokusebenzisa i-chalaza.
IChalaza Njengophawu Lwekhwalithi Yeqanda
Ukuba khona kwe-chalaza eyakhiwe kahle kungaba uphawu lwekhwalithi yamaqanda. Ichalaza elakhiwe ngendlela efanele libonisa ukuthi iqanda lazaliswa yisikhukhukazi esinempilo futhi isikhuphasha sibekwe kahle futhi sigxiliswe endaweni. Amaqanda ane-chalaza engaphelele nawo ajwayele ukuba neshelufu isikhathi eside, njengoba mancane amathuba okuthi onakale noma angcole ngesikhathi ethuthwa futhi ewagcina.
Ukubaluleka kweChalaza kwezobuciko beCulinary
Nakuba i-chalaza ivame ukususwa lapho ipheka ngamaqanda, ingaba nomthelela emkhiqizo wokugcina. Isibonelo, ukuba khona kwechalaza elibonakalayo eqandeni elizindisiwe kungabonisa ukuthi iqanda lihlanzekile, njengoba i-chalaza ijwayele ukuphuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ungawaphatha Kanjani Amaqanda NgeChalaza Engaphelele
Amaqanda ane-chalaza eqinile kufanele aphathwe ngokucophelela ukuvimbela ukulimala kombungu okhulayo noma isikhuphasha. Uma uqhephuka iqanda, kufanele kukhishwe i-chalaza kanye ne-albumen. Uma i-chalaza ishiywe iphelele, ingabangela ukuthi iqanda elimhlophe lingazinzi lapho lishaywa noma lishaywa.
Isiphetho: Ukwazisa iChalaza
Nakuba i-chalaza ingase ibonakale njengengxenye encane futhi engasho lutho yeqanda, empeleni idlala indima ebalulekile ekukhuleni nasekuvikelekeni kombungu ngaphakathi kweqanda. Ukuqonda ukwakheka kweqanda kanye nomsebenzi we-chalaza kungasisiza ukuba sazise ubunkimbinkimbi nobuhle bomklamo wemvelo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isetshenziselwa ubuciko bokupheka noma njengophawu lwekhwalithi yeqanda, i-chalaza iyingxenye encane kodwa ebalulekile yeqanda okungafanele inganakwa.
Izikhombo kanye nokufunda okwengeziwe
- Ibhodi Lamaqanda laseMelika. (2021). Egg-cyclopedia: Chalaza. https://www.incredibleegg.org/egg-cyclopedia/c/chalaza/
- Kosin, IL, & Kosin, VI (2016). Isakhiwo kanye nokubaluleka kokusebenza kwe-chalaza emaqandeni ezinyoni: Ukubuyekezwa. Isayensi Yezinkukhu, 95(12), 2808-2816. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew224
- I-University of Illinois Extension. (nd). Iqanda Elingakholeki: I-Anatomy Yeqanda. https://web.extension.illinois.edu/eggs/res07-anatomy.html
