Isingeniso: Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezinyawo Zezilwane
Indlela izilwane ezihamba ngayo nezigijima ngayo inqunywa, ngokuyinhloko, ukwakheka kwezinyawo zazo. Ososayensi baye baklama uhlelo lokuhlukanisa izilwane zibe izigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko ngokusekelwe endleleni ezisabalalisa ngayo isisindo sazo ezinyaweni zazo: i-digitigrade, i-unguligrade, ne-plantigrade. Lolu hlelo lusisiza ukuthi siqonde i-biomechanics yokuhamba kwezilwane futhi lunganikeza imininingwane ngokuvela kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezilwane.
Iyini i-Digitigrade?
Izilwane ze-Digitigrade zihamba ngezinzwane zazo, isithende neqakala liphakanyiswe phansi. Lokhu kuvumela isivinini esikhulu nokushesha, kodwa futhi kubeka ukucindezeleka okwengeziwe emathanjeni kanye nemisipha yonyawo. Izibonelo zezilwane ze-digitigrade zihlanganisa amakati, izinja, nezinye izinyoni.
I-Anatomy Yonyawo Lwengulube
Unyawo lwengulube lwakhiwe izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko: inselo namazolo. Inselo iyisimbozo esiqinile, esiqinile esivikela amathambo nezicubu ezithambile zonyawo. Umbethe uyidijithi encane, engenalutho engathinti phansi. Izingulube zinezinzwane ezine onyaweni ngalunye, kodwa ezimbili kuphela zalezi zinzwane ezithintana nomhlabathi.
Ingabe Ingulube Ihamba Ngezinzwane Noma Izintende?
Izingulube zivame ukucatshangwa ukuthi ziyi-plantigrade, okusho ukuthi zihamba ngezinyawo zazo njengabantu. Nokho, lokhu akulona iqiniso ngokuphelele. Izingulube empeleni zihamba phezu kwezinzwane zazo, kanti i-dewclaw isebenza njengephuzu lesihlanu lokuthintana nomhlabathi. Lokhu kubenza basondele ezilwaneni ze-digitigrade kune-plantigrade.
I-Unguligrade: Isitayela Sokuhamba Sezilwane Ezifuywayo
Izilwane ezi-Unguligrade zihamba phezu kwezinzwane zazo, kodwa ziye zashintsha ukujwayela okukhethekile okwaziwa ngokuthi inselo. Inselo iyisakhiwo esiwugqinsi, esine-keratinized esivikela amathambo ezinzwane futhi sisabalalisa isisindo sesilwane endaweni enkulu. Izibonelo zezilwane ezingalindi zihlanganisa amahhashi, izinkomo, nezinyamazane.
Ukuqhathanisa Izinyawo Zengulube Nezilwane Ezifuywayo
Nakuba izingulube zihlanganyela izici ezithile nezilwane ezingenakuligrade, izinyawo zazo azizona izinselo zangempela. Izingulube zinesembozo esithambile, esivumelana nezimo ezinzwaneni zazo, ezivumela ukuba zibambe umhlabathi ngempumelelo. Abuye abe namazolo, awekho ezilwaneni eziningi ezinenselo.
Kuthiwani Nge-Plantigrade?
Izilwane ze-Plantigrade zihamba ematheni ezinyawo zazo, unyawo lonke luthintana nomhlabathi. Lesi yisitayela sokuhamba sabantu, kanye nezinye izinkawu namagundane.
Iyiphi Isigaba Esifanela Ingulube Kakhulu?
Ngokusekelwe esakhiweni nasekunyakazeni kwezinyawo zazo, izingulube ngokwezobuchwepheshe ziyi-digitigrade. Nokho, ukwakheka kwezinyawo zazo kuhlukile ngandlela thile futhi akungeni kahle kunoma yisiphi izigaba ezintathu. Abanye ososayensi bahlongoze isigaba esisha esiqondene ngqo nezingulube nezinye izilwane ezinezakhiwo zezinyawo ezifanayo.
Kungani Kubalulekile?
Ukuqonda ukuhlukaniswa kwezinyawo zezilwane kungasisiza sazise kangcono izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo emhlabeni wethu. Ingase futhi ibe nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezingokoqobo emikhakheni efana nezokwelapha zezilwane kanye nocwaningo lwe-biomechanics.
Isiphetho: Umhlaba Othakazelisayo Wezinyawo Zezilwane
Ukwakheka nokunyakaza kwezinyawo zezilwane kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuyahlukahluka, futhi uhlelo lokuhlukanisa esilusebenzisayo ukuzichaza lubonisa lobu bunzima. Nakuba izingulube zingase zingangeni kahle kunoma yisiphi isigaba, i-anatomy yazo eyingqayizivele yezinyawo iwubufakazi bokwehlukahlukana okumangalisayo kwempilo emhlabeni wethu.
Izikhombo kanye nokufunda okwengeziwe
- "Ukuhamba Kwezilwane." I-Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., n.d. Iwebhu. 22 Ephreli 2021.
- "I-Anatomy Yonyawo Lwengulube." Konke Ngezingulube. N.p., n.d. Iwebhu. 22 Ephreli 2021.
- "Ukuhlukaniswa Kwezinyawo Zezilwane." Amafayela Ezilwane. N.p., n.d. Iwebhu. 22 Ephreli 2021.
I-Glossary of Terms
- Digitigrade: Isilwane esihamba ngezinzwani zaso.
- Unguligrade: Isilwane esihamba phezu kwezinzwane zaso futhi siguqukile inselo.
- I-Plantigrade: Isilwane esihamba ematheni ezinyawo zaso.
- Inselo: Isembozo esiwugqinsi, esine-keratinized emathanjeni ozwane ezilwane ezingalindi.
- I-Dewclaw: Idijithi ye-vestigial engathinti phansi kwezinye izilwane.
