Ama-hamster mancane, ayathandeka, futhi avame ukugcinwa njengezilwane ezifuywayo ngabantu emhlabeni wonke. Baziwa ngemizimba yabo eyindilinga, amajazi afiphele, nezidladla ezincane, okubenza babe abangane abathandeka kwabaningi. Kodwa ingabe wake wazibuza ukuthi lezi zilwane ezincane ezijabulisayo zivelaphi? Uyini umlando wama-hamster, futhi kwenzeka kanjani ukuba abe izilwane ezifuywayo ezithandwa kangaka? Kulokhu kuhlola umsuka nokuvela kwama-hamster, sizongena endaweni yawo yemvelo, umongo womlando, kanye nohambo lwawo olusuka endle luya emakhaya ethu.
Indawo Yemvelo YamaHamsters
Ukuze uqonde imvelaphi yama-hamster, kubalulekile ukuqala ngendawo yawo yokuhlala yemvelo. Ama-hamster amagundane, futhi izinhlobo eziningi zama-hamster zivela ezifundeni zaseYurophu nase-Asia. Ezinye zezinhlobo ze-hamster ezaziwa kakhulu zihlanganisa i-hamster yaseSyria, i-Roborovski hamster, i-hamster yaseRussia encane, kanye ne-hamster yaseShayina. Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo inezici zayo eziyingqayizivele, kodwa zihlanganyela umlando ofanayo wokuziphendukela kwemvelo.
IYurophu ne-Asia: Indawo Yokuzalwa KwamaHamsters
Ama-hamster kukholakala ukuthi avela eYurophu nase-Asia. I-hamster yaseYurophu (i-Cricetus cricetus), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-hamster evamile, ingenye yezinhlobo zokuqala ezaziwayo ze-hamster. Lolu hlobo lutholakala eMpumalanga Yurophu nase-Western Asia. Inkulu kunazo zonke izinhlobo ze-hamster, futhi ukuziphatha kwayo kokumba kanye nokulala kujwayelekile phakathi kwama-hamster.
Ngokuphambene, i-hamster yaseSyria (i-Mesocricetus auratus) idabuka eSiriya nasezingxenyeni ezisenyakatho ye-Israel. Lolu hlobo lubhekwa njengokhokho wezilwane eziningi ezifuywayo ezigcinwe namuhla. I-hamster yaseSyria yatholwa okokuqala ngekhulu le-18 futhi kamuva yethulwa ekuhwebeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo.
Indawo yokuhlala kanye nendlela yokuphila
Ama-hamster ajwayele ukuhlala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kuhlanganise nezingwadule, izindawo ezinotshani kanye nezindawo zezolimo. Ziyifanele kahle indlela yokuphila emigodini, zinezikhwama ezikhethekile ezihlala ezihlathini zokuthwala ukudla kanye nemigodi ebanzi yokukhosela. Ama-hamster aziwa ngemvelo yawo yokuba yedwa, okuwukujwayela ezindaweni ezihlala kuzo ezivame ukuba yindlala.
Le migodi ayisebenzi nje kuphela njengendawo yokukhosela kodwa futhi nendawo yokugcina ukudla. Ama-hamster aziwa ngokuqongelela ukudla emigodini yawo, okuyisu elibalulekile lokusinda ezifundeni lapho ukudla kungaba yindlala ngezikhathi ezithile zonyaka. Ukuziphatha kwabo okukodwa kanye nezindawo kusiza ukuvikela izitolo zabo zokudla kwamanye ama-hamster.
Ukutholwa kwama-Hamsters
Ama-hamster njengoba siwazi namuhla kungenzeka awazange abe yizilwane ezifuywayo ezithandwayo ukube bekungengenxa yezinto ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezitholwe ngekhulu le-18 nele-19.
Ukuhlangana Kokuqala Endle
Ukuhlangana kokuqala okubhaliwe nama-hamster endle kuhlehlela emuva ku-1797 lapho isazi sezilwane saseJalimane okuthiwa uGeorge Waterhouse sibika ukuthi zikhona eSyria. Ama-hamster awabona kwakungokhokho be-hamster yaseSyria, kamuva eyaba isilwane esifuywayo esidumile kanye nesihloko socwaningo.
Isingeniso Sokuhweba Ngezilwane Ezifuywayo
Ukwethulwa kwe-hamster yaseSyria ekuhwebeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo kubangelwa okunye ukutholwa okubalulekile. Ngawo-1930, usosayensi waseBrithani ogama lakhe linguGeorge H. Hamster wabamba ambalwa ala magundane ngesikhathi esohambweni lwaseSyria. Wazibuyisela e-UK futhi waqala ukuzifuya ekuthunjweni. Ngenxa yalokho, uhlobo lwe-hamster lwaqanjwa ngaye.
I-litter yokuqala yamaphuphu e-hamster azalelwa ekuthunjweni yaba yinto ekhangayo e-London Zoo, futhi lesi senzakalo saphawula ukuqala kokuthandwa kwe-hamster yaseSyria njengesilwane esifuywayo. Ukusuka lapho, zasakazwa ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomhlaba, futhi kwasungulwa nezinhlelo zokuzalanisa.
Ukuvela kwezinhlobo ze-Hamster
Ama-hamster avele ezigidini zeminyaka, ajwayela izindawo nezinselelo ezahlukahlukene. Ukuqonda umlando wabo wokuziphendukela kwemvelo kusiza ekukhanyiseni ukuhlukahluka kwabo nezici eziyingqayizivele.
Izinhlobo Ezihlukene
Umndeni we-hamster, i-Cricetidae, uhlanganisa izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezinhlobo, ngayinye ijwayele indawo yayo ethile. Ama-hamster ahlukene abe ngama-niches ahlukene, okuholele ekutheni kube nezinhlobo eziningi ezinezici ezihlukile.
Isibonelo esisodwa i-hamster yaseShayina (i-Cricetulus griseus). Lolu hlobo oluncane olusheshayo luyaziwa ngekhono laso elimangalisayo lokukhuphuka. Idabuka eNyakatho neChina naseMongolia futhi ihluke kakhulu ku-hamster yaseSyria ngokuya ngokubukeka nokuziphatha.
Olunye uhlobo oluphawulekayo i-Roborovski hamster (Phodopus roborovskii), eyaziwa ngosayizi wayo omncane kanye nesivinini. Lezi hamster ezincane zincane kakhulu kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-hamster futhi zitholakala ogwadule lwaseMongolia naseChina.
Ukuzijwayeza Ukusinda
Esinye sezici ezibalulekile ama-hamster abelana ngazo yikhono lawo lokumba. Lokhu kuzivumelanisa nezimo kuzivumela ukuthi zenze imihubhe eyinkimbinkimbi engaphansi komhlaba kanye namagumbi okuvikela ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye kanye nezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu. Baphinde bafakwe izikhwama ezihlathini, abazisebenzisayo ukugcina nokuphatha ukudla.
Izikhwama ze-hamster ze-cheek ziyindlela ephawulekayo yokuphila kwabo kokuhambahamba. Bangakwazi ukuqoqa ukudla endaweni ebanzi futhi bakubuyisele emigodini yabo ukuze kugcinwe kuphephile. Lezi zikhwama zinganwebeka izikhathi eziningi ubukhulu bekhanda le-hamster, okuzivumela ukuba zithwale inani elikhulu lokudla.
Umjikelezo Wempilo Nokukhiqiza kabusha
AmaHamster anesikhathi esifushane sokuphila, ngokuvamile asukela kowodwa kuya kwemithathu endle, nakuba angaphila isikhathi eside ekuthunjweni. Zinezinga lokuzala elisheshayo, kanti ama-litter emidlwane azalwa ngemva kwesikhathi sokumitha esiyizinsuku eziyi-16.
Isici esisodwa esiyingqayizivele sokukhiqizwa kwe-hamster ukuthi umama nguye yedwa onesibopho sokunakekela ingane. Abesilisa nabesifazane abanandima ekukhuliseni izingane, futhi, eqinisweni, bangaba nolaka komunye nomunye uma behlala ndawonye. I-hamster engumama incelisa imidlwane yayo, iwagcine efudumele, futhi awanikeze ukudla aze akhule ngokwanele ukuba angaziphumela ngaphandle emgodini.
Ukuhlukahluka Kokuziphatha
Ama-hamster nawo abonisa ukuziphatha okuhlukahlukene phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene. Isibonelo, i-hamster yaseYurophu iyaziwa ngokuziphatha kwayo kokulala, okungavamile ukubonakala kwezinye izinhlobo ze-hamster. Ama-hamster aseYurophu amba imigodi ejulile bese elala ebusika izinyanga ezimbalwa ebusika, ethembele ekudleni kwawo okugciniwe.
Ngokuphambene, i-hamster yaseSyria ayilali futhi isebenza unyaka wonke. Iphinde ibe yodwa uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo ezingabekezelela ukuhlala ngamaqembu amancane.
Hamsters njengezilwane ezifuywayo
Ukuthandwa kwama-hamster njengezilwane ezifuywayo kungalandelelwa emuva ekusungulweni kwe-hamster yaseSyria ekuhwebeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Nokho, uhambo lwabo olusuka endle luya emakhaya ethu kanye nezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene eziye zaba nomthelela ekuhwebeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo kuyindaba ethakazelisayo.
I-Hamster yaseSiriya njenge-Hamster Yokuqala Yesilwane
I-hamster yaseSyria, ngesimo sayo esimnene nokubukeka kwayo okukhangayo, yazuza ngokushesha izinhliziyo zabathandi bezilwane ezifuywayo. Ukwethulwa kwayo ekuhwebeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 kwaphawula ukuqala kwama-hamster njengezilwane zasekhaya.
Ama-hamster aseSyria eza ngemibala ehlukahlukene namaphethini, okuwenza akhange kubantu bayo yonke iminyaka. Ubukhulu bazo obuncane kanye nezidingo zokunakekelwa okulawulekayo kube nomthelela ekudumeni kwabo.
Ukuzalanisa Nokuhlukahluka Kombala
Njengoba ama-hamster ethandwa kakhulu njengezilwane ezifuywayo, imizamo yokuzalanisa ekhethiwe yaholela ekwakhiweni kokuhlukahluka kwemibala namaphethini wejazi. Phakathi kwezinto ezivame kakhulu i-hamster yegolide, enejazi legolide elinsundu, kanye ne-hamster enezinwele ezinde noma i-teddy bear, eyaziwa ngokubukeka kwayo e-fluffy.
Ukutholakala kwemibala ehlukene namaphethini kwenza ama-hamster akhange nakakhulu kubanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo abajabulela ukuba nezinketho ezihlukahlukene.
Ukukhathazeka Kwezimiso Zokuzalanisa
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukuzalanisa okubanzi nokuphishekela imibala yejazi eliyingqayizivele kuye kwaphakamisa ukukhathazeka okuthile kokuziphatha. Izinqubo zokuzalanisa ezibeka phambili ubuhle ngaphezu kwempilo nokuphila kahle kwezilwane ziye zaholela ezinkingeni ezihlukahlukene zezempilo zofuzo kuma-hamster ezifuywayo. Lokhu kubandakanya izimo ezifana nokukhuluphala ngokweqile, isifo sikashukela, nezinkinga zamazinyo. Imizamo yokuzalanisa ngendlela efanele ihlose ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga futhi ikhuthaze impilo nenhlalakahle yama-hamster.
Ukunakekelwa Nokunakekelwa
Ama-Hamster enza izilwane ezifuywayo ezinhle kakhulu kulabo abazimisele ukuzinikeza ukunakekelwa nokunakwa abakudingayo. Izivalo zabo kufanele zilingise indawo yazo yemvelo, zibanike indawo yokumba nokuhlola. Izingubo zokulala ezifanele, ukudla, kanye nokuthola amanzi ahlanzekile kubalulekile ukuze baphile kahle.
Ukuphatha ama-hamster ngobumnene nangokujwayelekile kungabasiza ukuthi bajwayele ukuxhumana nabantu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ama-hamster avame ukusebenza kakhulu ebusuku, okusho ukuthi angeke abe isilwane esifanelekayo kulabo abakhetha ubungane basemini.
Izinselele Ebunikazini Bezilwane Ezifuywayo
Ukuba ne-hamster yesilwane kuhambisana nezinselelo zayo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela lezi zinselele ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokuletha i-hamster ekhaya lakho. Ezinye zezinkinga ezijwayelekile abanikazi be-hamster ababhekana nazo zifaka:
- Imvelo Yodwa: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, izinhlobo eziningi ze-hamster zihlala zodwa, futhi zingase zicindezeleke noma zibe nolaka uma zihlaliswa namanye ama-hamster.
- Ukuphila Okufushane: Ama-hamster anesikhathi esifushane sokuphila, okungaba inselele ngokomzwelo kubanikazi bawo.
- Umsebenzi Wasebusuku: Ama-hamster ngokuvamile asebenza kakhulu ebusuku, okungase kube nzima kwabanye abanikazi.
- Ukukhathazeka Kwezempilo: Ama-hamster angenwa kalula yizinkinga ezahlukahlukene zezempilo, futhi ubuncane bawo bungenza ukunakekelwa kwezilwane kube inselele.
- Phunyuka Abaculi: Ama-hamster aziwa ngokukwazi kwawo ukuphunyuka kumakheji noma ezindaweni ezivalekile uma zingavikelwe kahle.
Ama-hamster ocwaningweni lwesayensi
Ngaphandle kokuba izilwane ezifuywayo ezithandwayo, ama-hamster nawo abambe iqhaza elikhulu ocwaningweni lwesayensi. Ukusetshenziswa kwabo kumalabhorethri kunikeze ukuqonda okubalulekile emikhakheni ehlukahlukene yebhayoloji nemithi.
Isondo le-Hamster Locwaningo Lwezokwelapha
Ama-Hamster abe nesandla esifundweni esihlobene nokuzala, izakhi zofuzo, nezigqi ze-circadian. Lawa magundane amancane abe negalelo ekuqondeni kwethu uhlelo lokuzala lwezilwane ezincelisayo kanye nemithelela yezinto ezihlukahlukene ekuzaleni. Isibonelo, ama-hamster asetshenziswe ocwaningweni mayelana nokuvimbela inzalo kwama-hormone kanye nomthelela wawo ekuzaleni.
Ngaphezu kocwaningo lokuzala, ama-hamster abebalulekile ekutadisheni imiphumela yesigqi se-circadian empilweni yomuntu. Ukuziphatha kwabo kwasebusuku kubenza babe izifundo ezifanele zokutadisha iwashi langaphakathi lomzimba nendlela elikuthinta ngayo ukulala, ukuphaphama, kanye nokuphila kahle.
Ama-Hamsters kanye Nocwaningo Lwezifo
Ama-hamster nawo asetshenziswe njengamamodeli okutadisha izifo ezithathelwanayo. Ziyakwazi ukungenwa amagciwane athile kanye namagciwane, okuzenza zilungele ukuphenya izifo ezithinta abantu. Isibonelo, i-hamster yaseSyria iye yaqashwa ocwaningweni mayelana nokudluliselwa nokwelashwa kwezifo ezifana ne-herpes simplex ne-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
Ubukhulu bawo obukhulu uma buqhathaniswa namanye amagundane buwenza kube lula ukusebenza nawo ezindaweni zaselabhorethri. Lo sayizi unenzuzo ekwenzeni izivivinyo, ikakhulukazi lezo ezibandakanya ukuphathwa kwezidakamizwa noma ukuqapha izinguquko zomzimba.
Ama-Hamsters kuSiko Elidumile
Ama-Hamsters afinyelele isiko elidumile ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene, kusukela ezincwadini nakumakhathuni kuya kwezentengiselwano namameme. Lamagundane amancane asephenduke izimpawu nezinhlamvu ezinhlotsheni eziningi zemidiya.
Ama-Hamsters ku-Literature and Cartoons
Enye yama-hamster eqanjiwe edume kakhulu ithi “Hamtaro,” umlingiswa ophuma ochungechungeni lwezincwadi zezingane zase-Japan kamuva ezashintshwa zaba i-anime nemidlalo yevidiyo. U-Hamtaro waziwa ngohambo lwakhe nabangane bakhe be-hamster, futhi uchungechunge lwaduma kakhulu, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwezingane.
Ezincwadini, ama-hamster ngezikhathi ezithile aye avela ezincwadini zezingane, enezela ekuthandeni nasekukhangeni kwabo. Imvelo yabo enhle futhi ephathekayo ibenza babe yizihloko ezinhle kakhulu zezindaba zezingane nemifanekiso.
Ama-hamster ekukhangiseni
Ama-hamster abuye asetshenziswa ekukhangiseni ukukhangisa imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene. Isibonelo esisodwa esiphawulekayo ezentengiso ze-Kia Soul ezihlanganisa iqembu lama-hamster e-hip-hop ashayela edolobheni, ethuthukisa umklamo wemoto osesitayeleni noyingqayizivele.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-hamster ekukhangiseni kukhulisa ukukhanga nokuthandeka kwawo, okuwenza abe yithuluzi lokuthengisa elisebenzayo.
I-Memes namasiko e-inthanethi
Esikhathini se-inthanethi, ama-hamster afinyelele endaweni yama-memes namasiko aku-inthanethi. Mhlawumbe enye yama-hamster e-inthanethi edume kakhulu i-“Pizzarat,” eyazuza udumo ngokuphatha i-pizza ku-subway yase-New York City. Lezi zikhathi zegciwane zibonisa ukuziphatha okungalindelekile nokuthandekayo kwama-hamster kuzilungiselelo zansuku zonke.
Ikusasa Lama-Hamsters
Njengezinhlobo eziningi zezilwane, ama-hamster abhekana nezinselele ezweni lanamuhla, okuhlanganisa ukulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala kanye nomthelela wemisebenzi yabantu. Kubalulekile ukucabangela inhlalakahle yama-hamster endle nasekuthunjweni njengoba siqhubekela phambili.
Imizamo yokonga
I-hamster yaseYurophu, ikakhulukazi, ibhekane nokwehla kwenani labantu ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwezindawo zokuhlala kanye nemikhuba yezolimo. Kwenziwa imizamo yokulondoloza lolu hlobo lwezilwane nendawo ezihlala kuyo. Izinhlangano zokongiwa kwemvelo zisebenzela ukuvikela imigodi ye-hamster yaseYurophu futhi zisungule izindawo ezigcinayo lapho zingachuma khona.
Ngaphezu kwama-hamster asendle, inhlalakahle yezilwane ezifuywayo nayo iyindaba yokukhathazeka. Izinqubo zokuzalanisa ngendlela efanele kanye nobunikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo obunomthwalo wemfanelo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni inhlalakahle yalezi zilwane ezifuywayo ezithandekayo.
Imfundo Nokuqwashisa
Ukuqwashisa mayelana nama-hamster nomlando wawo wemvelo kubalulekile ekongiweni nasenhlalakahleni yawo. Ukukhuthaza ubunikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo ezinomthwalo wemfanelo, ukunakekelwa okufanele, kanye nezinqubo zokuzalanisa ngendlela efanele kungaba nomthelela empilweni nasenjabulweni yalezi zilwane ezincane.
Izinhlelo zemfundo nezinhlelo zingasiza abantu baqonde kangcono ama-hamster, izidingo zabo, kanye neqhaza labo ku-ecosystem. Lolu lwazi lungathuthukisa ukwazisa okukhulu ngala magundane ajabulisayo.
Isiphetho
Ama-Hamsters, anemvelaphi yawo eYurophu nase-Asia, aguquke abe yiqembu elihlukahlukene lezinhlobo, ngayinye ijwayele indawo yayo eyingqayizivele. Ukwethulwa kwabo ekuhwebeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo, ikakhulukazi i-hamster yaseSyria, kwaphawula ukuqala kokuduma kwabo njengezilwane ezifuywayo zasekhaya. Banikele ocwaningweni lwesayensi, badlala indima ebalulekile ekuqondeni ukuzala, izakhi zofuzo, nezigqi ze-circadian.
Ama-Hamsters nawo athole indlela yawo yesiko elidumile, avela ezincwadini, emakhathuni, ekukhangiseni, ngisho nangama-meme e-inthanethi. Isicelo sabo siyaqhubeka sithatha abantu bazo zonke ubudala.
Njengoba sibheke esikhathini esizayo, kubalulekile ukucabangela inhlalakahle yama-hamster endle nasekuthunjweni. Imizamo yokulondoloza imvelo, ukuba nezilwane ezifuywayo ngendlela efanele, kanye nemfundo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi la magundane athandekayo ayachuma futhi ayaziswa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane ezizayo. Ama-Hamster, anemvelaphi yawo ephansi kanye nokukhangayo okujabulisayo, afakazela ngempela ukuxhumana okuthakazelisayo phakathi kwemvelo nesiko lomuntu.
