Ama-ball python, ngokwesayensi aziwa ngokuthi i-python regius, zingolunye lwezinhlobo zezinyoka ezithandwa kakhulu ezifuywayo emhlabeni wonke. Aziwa ngemvelo yawo ethambile, usayizi olawulekayo, nokubukeka okuhlukile, okuhlanganisa iphethini enhle yemibala nokumaka. Ukuze uzazise ngempela lezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo ezihehayo, kubalulekile ukuqonda umlando wazo wemvelo, indawo yokuhlala, nezindawo ezivela kuzo. Kulokhu kuhlola okuphelele, sizocubungula imvelaphi yezinhlwathi zebhola, indawo yazo yendabuko, kanye nezici ezinomthelela ekudumeni kwazo emhlabeni wonke ekuhwebeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo.
Intela Nokuhlukaniswa
Ngaphambi kokuthi sixoxe ngomsuka wama-ball python, kuyasiza ukusungula ukuhlukaniswa kwe-taxonomic ngaphakathi kwezilwane.
- Umbuso: I-Animalia (Izilwane)
- I-Phylum: I-Chordata (Ama-Chordates)
- I-Class: Izilwane Ezihuquzelayo (Reptilia)
- Order: I-Squamata (Izilwane Ezihuquzelayo eziSquamate)
- Ngaphansi: Izinyoka (Snakes)
- Umndeni: I-Pythonidae (Pythons)
- Uhlobo: Python
- Izinhlobo: i-python regius
Ama-ball python angamalungu omndeni wakwaPythonidae, owaziwa ngezinyoka ezingenabo ubuthi, nezibulalayo. Ngaphakathi kwe Python uhlobo, i-python regius iwuhlobo oluhlukile, oluvame ukubizwa ngokuthi inhlwathi yasebukhosini. Igama layo lesayensi, i-python regius, lisuselwa egameni lesiLatini elithi “regius,” elisho ubukhosi, liqokomisa ukubukeka kwalolu hlobo lwasebukhosini.
Ibanga Lomdabu kanye Nokusabalalisa
Uhla lwemvelo lwama-ball python lutholakala eNtshonalanga naseNtshonalanga-Central Africa, luhlanganisa amazwe amaningana ngaphakathi kwalesi sifunda. Lawa mazwe afaka:
- I-Benin: Ama-ball python atholakala ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene ze-Benin, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni eziseningizimu nemaphakathi. Izinhlobonhlobo zezindawo zezwe zinikeza izindawo zokuhlala ezifanele lezi zinhlobo.
- Ukuhamba: E-Togo, ama-ball python akhona endaweni ehlukahlukene, kusukela emahlathini kuya kuma-savanna, akha indawo yawo yokuhlala.
- EGhana: Ama-ball python adabuka ezindaweni eziseningizimu, emaphakathi, nasentshonalanga yeGhana. Isimo sezulu sezwe elishisayo nezinhlobonhlobo zemvelo kunikeza izimo ezikahle ukuze ziphile.
- I-Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire): I-Ivory Coast iyikhaya lama-ball python ezifundeni zayo eziseningizimu nemaphakathi. Le ndawo ehlukahlukene ihlanganisa amahlathi, izindawo ezinotshani nokunye.
- I-Liberia: Ama-ball python atholakala eLiberia, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezisentshonalanga nezimaphakathi nezwe. Lezi zifunda zihlanganisa amahlathi emvula, ahlinzeka ngekhava ebalulekile kanye nezinsiza zezinhlobo zezilwane.
- ISierra Leone: E-Sierra Leone, ukusatshalaliswa kwama-ball python kudlulela ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zemvelo, kubandakanya nezindawo ezinamahlathi zezwe.
- E-Guinea: Ama-ball python adabuka eGuinea futhi atholakala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kusukela emahlathini kuya kuma-savanna.
- I-Senegal: Nakuba iSenegal isenyakatho-ntshonalanga yamanye amazwe endaweni ye-ball python, isabambe iqhaza ekusatshalalisweni kwawo.
Ukusatshalaliswa okuqondile kwama-ball python ngaphakathi kwala mazwe akufani. Uhlu lwazo luthonywa izici ezifana nesimo sezulu sendawo, izinhlobo ezitholakalayo ezizingelayo, nendawo yokukhosela efanele.
Indawo Nezemvelo
Ama-ball python izinyoka eziguquguqukayo, okungesinye sezizathu zokusatshalaliswa kwazo kabanzi eNtshonalanga naseNtshonalanga-Afrika Ephakathi. Bahlala ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, okubonisa amandla abo okuchuma ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Ezinye zezindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekile ezihlala kuzo zihlanganisa:
- Ama-Savanna: Ama-Ball python aziwa ngokuhlala ezindaweni ezinama-savanna, ezihlanganisa izindawo ezinotshani nezihlahla ezihlakazekile. Izindawo ezivulekile zinikeza amathuba kokubili kokuzingela nokuthola abangane bomshado.
- I-Forest Edges: Lolu hlobo luvame ukutholakala emaphethelweni amahlathi emvula. Lezi zindawo zinikeza inhlanganisela yekhava kanye nokufinyelela ezinhlotsheni ezizingelayo, okuzenza zibe izindawo ezikahle zokuzingela zezinhlwathi zebhola.
- Izindawo zezoLimo: Ngezinye izikhathi ama-ball python angatholakala ezindaweni zezolimo nasezindaweni ezizungezile. Nokho, ukuba khona kwazo ezindaweni ezinjalo kungaholela ezingxabanweni nemisebenzi yabantu.
- Iziduli Zomuhlwa: Izindunduma zomuhlwa zaziwa ngokusebenza njengendawo yokukhosela ama-ball python. Lezi zakhiwo zinikeza ukuvikeleka ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye kanye nendawo yokubekela amaqanda.
- Imigodi Engaphansi: Ama-ball python aziwa ngokusebenzisa imigodi engaphansi komhlaba, ngokuvamile leyo edalwe ezinye izilwane, ukuze kube yindawo yokukhosela kanye nendawo yokubalekela izimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu.
Izici Physical
Ukuqonda izici ezingokoqobo zama-ball python kubalulekile ukuze uzibone endaweni yazo yendabuko futhi wazise ukukhanga kwazo njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Nazi ezinye zezici zabo ezibachazayo:
Ubukhulu kanye no-Shape
Ama-ball python izinyoka ezincane uma kuqhathaniswa, nabantu abadala ngokuvamile abasukela ku-2 kuya ku-5 wamafidi ubude. Nakuba kukhona okuhlukile, ama-ball python amaningi azacile futhi anomzimba oyisilinda. Ubukhulu bazo obuncane nesisindo esilawulekayo kubenza babe ukukhetha okuncanyelwayo kwabathandi bezinyoka nabanikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo.
Umbala kanye Iphethini
Esinye sezici ezihluke kakhulu zama-ball python umbala wawo ogqamile kanye nephethini. Zinombala ongemuva ongahluka ukusuka kokubomvu kuya kokunsundu ngokujulile, futhi imizimba yazo ihlotshiswe ngochungechunge lwemibala engajwayelekile, ensundu ngokumnyama ukuya kumabala amnyama noma imigqa. Ikhanda labo livame ukuphawulwa ngephethini eyinkimbinkimbi yezikali ezilula nezimnyama.
Igama elithi "python yebhola" lisuselwa kwenye yezindlela zabo zokuzivikela lapho besongelwa. Lezi zinyoka zivame ukugoqa zibe yibhola, zifihle ikhanda phakathi nendawo, umzimba wonke ugoqe ukuze zizivikele. Lokhu kuziphatha kubenza bafane nebhola, yingakho igama.
Izilinganiso ze-ventral
Ama-ball python anezikali ezibushelelezi ze-ventral, ezihamba ubude be-undersides yazo. Lawa mazenga anombala okhanyayo kunamazenga emhlane futhi adlala indima ekunyakazeni kwenyoka nasekuboneni izinzwa.
Imigodi Ezwa Ukushisa
Njengawo wonke ama-python, ama-ball python anemigodi ekwazi ukuzwa ukushisa etholakala nhlangothi zombili zekhanda lazo, ngaphansi nje nangemuva kancane kwamakhala. Le migodi iwavumela ukuba abone ukushisa okukhishwa inyamazane enegazi elifudumele, esiza ekutholeni nasekushayeni okuhlosiwe ngokunembile.
Amehlo
Ama-ball python anabafundi abacacile, abayindilinga. Lokhu kuyabahlukanisa nezinyoka ezinobuthi, ezivame ukuba nabafundi aba-elliptical (afana nekati).
Umsila
Imisila yawo mifishane futhi icolekile ifinyelela iphuzu, okuphambene nezinye izinhlobo zezinyoka ezinemisila emide.
Ukuziphatha Nokukhiqiza kabusha
Ukuqonda ukuziphatha kanye nezici zokuzala zama-ball python kubalulekile ekwaziseni amasu abo okusinda kanye nezinselele ababhekana nazo endle.
Ubusuku
Ama-ball python ikakhulukazi asebusuku, okusho ukuthi asebenza kakhulu ebusuku. Lokhu kuziphatha kuzisiza ukuthi zigweme izilwane ezidla ezinye emini futhi zithole inyamazane yazo, nayo evame ukusebenza ebusuku.
Uyedwa
Ama-ball python ngokuvamile ayizilwane ezihlala zodwa, futhi awavamile ukwakha amaqembu omphakathi. Baziwa ngempilo yabo yodwa futhi bancamela ukuba nendawo yabo.
Imikhuba Yokondla
Njengezinyoka ezicindezelayo, ama-ball python abamba isisulu sazo ngokusishaya bese esonga imizimba yazo eduze kwesisulu, esiminyanisa. Ukudla kwabo kuhlanganisa izilwane ezincelisayo ezincane, izinyoni, futhi ngezinye izikhathi, izilwane ezihuquzelayo. Endle, ngokuyinhloko zidla amagundane, njengamagundane namagundane.
Ukukhiqiza
Ama-ball python angama-oviparous, okusho ukuthi abekela amaqanda. Isikhathi sokukhwelana sivame ukwenzeka ngenkathi eyomile, lapho abesifazane bebekela amaqanda, abe esefukanyelwa ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, njengasezidulini zomuhlwa. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi amaqanda ahlala ezingeni lokushisa elizinzile kanye nezinga lomswakama.
Isimo Sokongiwa
Ebangeni lawo lendabuko, ama-ball python abhekana nezinsongo ezimbalwa kubantu bawo, okuhlanganisa nokulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala ngenxa yokugawulwa kwamahlathi nezolimo, kanye nemisebenzi yabantu njengokuzingela inyama nesikhumba sabo. Iqoqo lokuhweba ngezilwane ezifuywayo libe nomthelela enanini lazo endle. Ama-ball python asohlwini lwe-International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List njengohlobo “Lokukhathaza Kancane.” Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqapha inani labantu kanye nendawo yokuhlala ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphila kwabo isikhathi eside.
Ama-Ball Pythons ku-Pet Trade
Inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele ye-ball python yobukhulu obulawulekayo, isimo sengqondo esithambile, nokubukeka okumangalisayo kuyenze yaba olunye lwezinhlobo zezinyoka ezidume kakhulu ekuhwebeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Ukutholakala kwazo kuma-morphs anemibala ehlukahlukene, okuwumphumela wokuzalanisa okukhethayo, kuye kwanikela nakakhulu ekuthandeni kwazo njengezilwane ezifuywayo. Ngenxa yalokho, ama-ball python azalelwa ekuthunjweni kwemakethe yezilwane ezifuywayo ngezinga elikhulu.
Umbala morphs
Ngaphezu kombala nephethini eyenzeka ngokwemvelo, ama-ball python abonisa ama-morphs emibala amaningi abangelwa ukuguqulwa kofuzo. Lawa ma-morphs asefunwa kakhulu ngabaqoqi nabashisekayo. Amanye ama-color morphs awaziwa kakhulu ahlanganisa:
- I-Albino: Lezi zinhlwathi zebhola azinawo umbala omnyama, futhi izimpawu zazo ezijwayelekile ezinsundu zithathelwa indawo ngophuzi noma osawolintshi, okudala ukubukeka kwe-albino.
- U-Piebald: Izinhlwathi zebhola lika-Piebald zibonisa amapheshana amhlophe, axutshwe nemibala yawo evamile. Lokhu kubanika ukubukeka kwe-piebald noma okuphayiwe.
- Uphaya: I-pastel morph iphumela ekuthuthukisweni kwamathoni aphuzi nansundu, okudala ukubukeka okunempilo.
- I-Cinnamon: Izinhlwathi zebhola lesinamoni zinokubukeka okumnyama, okubomvu-nsundu uma kuqhathaniswa ne-morph evamile.
- banana: Ama-banana morphs anombala ophuzi nowolintshi ogqamile, okuwenza abaluleke kakhulu kubantu abathanda izinyoka.
Lawa ma-morphs ombala awazange nje andise ukuhlukahluka kokubonakala kwama-ball python kodwa futhi aqhubekisele phambili isithakazelo ezinhlobonhlobo kanye nokuzalanisa kwazo okuthunjiwe.
Ubunikazi Bezilwane Ezifuywayo
Ama-ball python enza izilwane ezifuywayo ezinhle kakhulu kubo bobabili abaqalayo nabagcini bezinyoka abanolwazi. Ubukhulu bazo obuncane, imvelo epholile, kanye nokunakekelwa kalula kube nomthelela ekudumeni kwabo. Nokho, abanikazi abangaba khona kufanele bacwaninge futhi balungele imithwalo yemfanelo yokunakekela inyoka efuywayo. Ukufuya ngendlela efanele, okuhlanganisa indawo ebiyelwe efanele, ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama, kanye nokudla okufanele, kubalulekile empilweni nasempilweni yalezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo.
Ukuzalanisa Okuthunjiwe Nokulondoloza
Ukuzalaniswa kwama-ball python sekuphenduke imboni ethuthukayo. Ama-ball python amaningi atholakala ekuhwebeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo azalelwa ekuthunjweni, okusiza ukunciphisa isidingo sabantu ababanjwe zasendle futhi, ngenxa yalokho, nomthelela emiphakathini yabo yasendle. Izinqubo zokuzalanisa ezinomthwalo wemfanelo zihlose ukulondoloza ukuhlukahluka kofuzo kwezinhlobo zezilwane nokugcina abantu abathunjwa benempilo ehlukahlukene.
Ukwengeza, eminye imizamo yokongiwa kwemvelo kanye nezinhlangano zinikezelwe ekulondolozeni izindawo zemvelo zama-ball python ebangeni lawo lendabuko. Ukuvikela lezi zindawo akuzuzisi izinyoka kuphela kodwa futhi kunomthelela ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nempilo yemvelo yezifunda ezihlala kuzo.
Isiphetho
Ama-ball python, awaziwa nangokuthi ama-royal python, adabuka eNtshonalanga naseNtshonalanga-Afrika Ephakathi, lapho ahlala khona ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene, kusukela emathafeni kuya emahlathini ashisayo. Lezi zinyoka ezincane ezingenabo ubuthi ziyaziwa ngombala wazo omangalisayo namaphethini. Ziyakwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezimo lapho zikhetha izindawo zokuhlala futhi zivame ukutholakala ngasemaphethelweni amahlathi, ezindaweni zokulima, ngisho nasezindundumeni zomuhlwa.
Njengezilwane zasebusuku nezihlala zodwa, zingabazingeli abanekhono, ngokuyinhloko zidla izilwane ezincelisayo nezinyoni ezincane. Isu labo lokuzala lihlanganisa ukubeka amaqanda, avame ukufukanyelwa ezindundumeni zomuhlwa.
Nakuba zibhekana nezinsongo ezihlukahlukene endle, okuhlanganisa ukulahlekelwa indawo yokuhlala kanye nokuqoqwa kohwebo lwezilwane ezifuywayo, sezidume ngokumangalisayo njengezilwane ezifuywayo ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obulawulekayo, isimo sengqondo esithambile, kanye nohlu olubanzi lwama-morphs anemibala akhuliswe ngokukhetha ekuthunjweni. Imboni yokuzalanisa abathunjiwe ayinikezi nje kuphela abantu ngabanye ekuhwebeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo kodwa futhi ifaka isandla ekulondolozweni kwezinhlobo zezilwane ngokunciphisa isidingo sezinhlobo ezibanjwe zasendle.
Ukuqonda imvelaphi nomlando wemvelo wama-ball python kubalulekile kulabo abazigcina njengezilwane ezifuywayo kanye nakulabo abanentshisekelo yokongiwa kwalezi zilwane ezihuquzelayo ezihehayo. Izinhlwathi ziyisibonelo sokuphambana kokugcinwa kwezilwane zasendle, ukuzalanisa okuvalelwe, nobunikazi bezilwane ezifuywayo ezinomthwalo wemfanelo, futhi indaba yazo isebenza njengesibonelo sokusimama kohwebo lwezilwane ezifuywayo olungavamile.
