Izilwane ezifuywayo ezihlanganisa amahhashi, izimbongolo namadube, sekuyisikhathi eside abantu bezazisa ngenxa yamandla, umusa, nokusebenza kwazo. Lezi zilwane ezimangalisayo zidlale indima ebalulekile emlandweni wethu, kusukela kwezokuthutha nezolimo kuya kwezemidlalo kanye nobungane. Nokho, umbuzo owodwa oye wathakazelisa ososayensi, odokotela bezilwane nabathandi bezilwane emakhulwini eminyaka uwukuthi ingabe ama-equine anemizwelo yini. Ingabe lezi zilwane zingaba nemizwa efana nenjabulo, ukwesaba, nothando? Kulesi sihloko, sizohlola izwe elithakazelisayo lemizwelo yamahhashi kanye nobufakazi obusikisela ukuthi lezi zilwane zinempilo engokomzwelo ngempela.
Ukuqonda Imizwa
Ngaphambi kokungena emizweni yama-equines, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi iyini imizwa nokuthi ifundwa kanjani ezilwaneni. Imizwa iwukuzizwisa okuyinkimbinkimbi, okucabangelayo okuhilela ukusabela komzimba, ukuqonda, nokuziphatha kuzisusa ezithile noma izimo. Ziyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlangenwe nakho komuntu futhi zidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthatheni izinqumo, ekusebenzelaneni komphakathi, kanye nenhlalakahle yonke. Nokho, ukuthola ukuthi izilwane ziba nemizwelo ngendlela efanayo nabantu kungaba yinselele yini.
Ukufunda imizwa ezilwaneni ngokuvamile kuhilela ukubheka indlela eziziphatha ngayo, ukusabela komzimba, nokusebenza kobuchopho ezimeni ezihlukahlukene. Nakuba izilwane zingase zingavezi imizwa ngendlela efanayo nabantu, zibonisa ukuziphatha nokusabela okubonisa ukuba khona kwemizwelo. Lezi zindlela zokuziphatha zingabandakanya ulimi lomzimba, ukuphimisela, izinguquko ekushayeni kwenhliziyo namazinga amahomoni, kanye nezimpendulo ezishukumisayo ezithile noma ukusebenzelana komphakathi.
Ukuziphatha Okulinganayo Nolimi Lomzimba
Ukuqonda ukuziphatha okulinganayo kanye nolimi lomzimba kubalulekile lapho kuhlolwa ulwazi lwabo lwemizwa. Amahhashi, izimbongolo, namadube yizilwane ezihlalisana kakhulu ezinezimiso eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuxhumana. Basebenzisa inhlanganisela yokuphimisela, ukunyakaza komzimba, nesimo sobuso ukuze baveze imizwelo nezinhloso zabo. Okunye ukuziphatha okubalulekile kanye nezinkomba eziphakamisa ukuthi ama-equines anemizwa ahlanganisa:
1. Isimo Sobuso
Ama-equines anobuso obucacile, futhi imisipha yawo yobuso ingadlulisa imizwa eminingi. Bangakwazi ukuphakamisa amashiya abo, bavule amakhala, futhi babonise ukushuba noma ukukhululeka ezindebeni zabo nasemihlathini. Inkulumo ekhululekile futhi evulekile ngokuvamile ibonisa okuqukethwe noma isimo sokujabula, kuyilapho inkulumo eshubile noma ekhathazekile ingase iphakamise ukwesaba noma ukukhathazeka.
2. Ukuma Kwendlebe
Ukuma kwezindlebe zehhashi kungenye inkomba ebalulekile yesimo salo esingokomzwelo. Izindlebe ezibhekiswe phambili ngokuvamile zisho isithakazelo noma ilukuluku, kuyilapho izindlebe eziphiniwe ekhanda zingabonisa ukucasuka, ulaka, noma ukungakhululeki. Izindlebe ezibanjwe emaceleni noma ezinhlangothini ezahlukene zingase zibonise isimo somzwelo esididekile noma esingqubuzanayo.
3. Ukuma komzimba
Ukuma komzimba wonke kwe-equine kunikeza imininingwane ebalulekile emizweni yabo. Ihhashi elikhululekile nelizolile lizoma nomhlane oqondile, kuyilapho ihhashi elicindezelekile lingase ligobe iqolo noma lizingele umzimba walo. Ihhashi elizizwa lidlala noma lijabule lingase lizibandakanye ekuziphatheni okudlalayo njengokubhodla noma ukugingqika odongeni.
4. Amaphimbo
Ama-Equines asebenzisa amagama ahlukahlukene ukuze adlulisele imizwa yawo. Omakhelwane, ama-whinnies, nama-nickers kuvame ukuhlotshaniswa nesasasa, ukuqapha, noma ukuziphatha kokufuna ukuxhumana. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuklabalasa noma ukuklabalasa kungabonisa ukwesaba, ubuhlungu, noma ukucindezeleka.
5. Ukuma Komsila
Ukuma komsila wehhashi nakho kunganikeza ulwazi mayelana nesimo salo somzwelo. Umsila okhululekile, olenga phansi ngokuvamile uphakamisa ukwaneliseka, kuyilapho umsila ophakeme, oqinile ngokuvamile ubonisa ukukhathazeka noma ukwesaba.
Ubufakazi Bemizwelo Yamahhashi
Izifundo eziningi kanye nobufakazi be-anecdotal buphakamisa ukuthi ama-equines ahlangabezana nezinhlobonhlobo zemizwa. Izigaba ezilandelayo zihlola obunye bobufakazi obuqand' ikhanda bempilo engokomzwelo yamahhashi, izimbongolo, namadube.
I-1. Izibopho zomphakathi
Obunye bobufakazi obuqine kakhulu bemizwa ye-equine yikhono labo lokwakha izibopho zomphakathi namanye amalungu ezinhlobo zawo kanye nabantu. Amahhashi, ikakhulukazi, aziwa ngokunamathela kwawo okuqinile kokubili amalungu awo omhlambi kanye nabanakekeli bawo abangabantu. Lezi zibopho zidlula ukuxhumana nje komphakathi futhi ziphakamisa ukuxhumana okujulile kwemizwa.
Endle, amahhashi akha imindeni ebumbene, futhi ubudlelwano phakathi kwala maqembu bunganzima kakhulu. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi lapho amahhashi ehlukaniswa nabalingani bawo abelusayo, angaba nokucindezeleka futhi abonise ukuziphatha okuhambisana nokukhathazeka, njengokuphimisela nokugijima. Ukwengeza, lapho ephinde ehlangene nabangane bawo, amahhashi ngokuvamile ahileleka ekuqeqesheni okufanayo nasekuxabaneni, ukuziphatha okubonisa uthando nokunamathelana ngokomzwelo.
Amahhashi nawo angakha izibopho eziqinile nabaphathi bawo abangabantu. Bangakwazi ukubona futhi baphendule ngendlela ehlukile kubantu abahlukene, babonise ukwethembana, ukunethezeka, noma ukuxwaya ngokusekelwe kulokho abahlangabezane nakho esikhathini esidlule nabo. Leli khono lokwakha ukuxhumana okungokomzwelo nabo bobabili uhlobo lwabo kanye nabantu liphakamisa ukuthi amahhashi ayakwazi uhla lwemizwa, okuhlanganisa uthando nokwethembana.
2. Ukwesaba Nokukhathazeka
Ama-equines, njengezilwane eziningi, angathola ukwesaba nokukhathazeka ekuphenduleni izisusa nezimo ezihlukahlukene. Ukwesaba kuwumzwelo oyisisekelo osiza izilwane ukuba zibhekane nezinsongo nezingozi ezingase zibe khona. Uma amahhashi, izimbongolo, noma amadube ehlangabezana nokuthile okuthusayo noma okungajwayelekile, angase abonise impatho efana nokuhonqa, ukubhodla, noma ukuzama ukubalekela usongo olucatshangwayo. Lokhu kusabela kuyizinkomba ezicacile zokucindezeleka ngokomzwelo.
Abacwaningi benze ucwaningo ukuze baphenye izimpendulo ze-physiological kanye nokuziphatha kwama-equines ekuvuseleleni okwesabekayo. Lolu cwaningo lubonise ukuthi amahhashi abonisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo eliphakeme, amazinga e-cortisol engeziwe (i-hormone yokucindezeleka) kanye nokuziphatha okukhethekile okuhlobene nokwesaba lapho evezwe ezimweni ezingase zibe usongo. Ukuvumelana kwalokhu okutholakele kuzo zonke izifundo ezihlukene kugcizelela imvelo yemizwa yokwesaba nokukhathazeka emahhashini.
3. Ukudlala Nenjabulo
Ama-Equines angathola futhi injabulo nokudlala. Ukuziphatha kokudlala akuyona nje indlela yokuzivocavoca umzimba kodwa futhi kuyindlela yokuthi izilwane ziveze imizwa yazo eyakhayo futhi zakhe ukuxhumana nabantu. Amahhashi, ikakhulukazi, ahlanganyela ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zokudlala, njengokugijima, ukugingqika, nokugingqika odongeni. Lokhu kuziphatha kuvame ukubonwa emahhashini asemancane, aziwa ngokuthi amathole, futhi kukholakala ukuthi ukuwasiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenzelana ngokomzimba namakhono omphakathi.
Amahhashi amadala nawo ahlanganyela ekudlaleni, okucatshangwa ukuthi kusebenza njengendlela yokunciphisa ukucindezeleka kanye nokuxhumana komphakathi. Ukusebenzisana okudlalayo phakathi kwamahhashi, okufaka phakathi imidlalo yokuqeqesha kanye nokujaha, kubonisa imizwa eyakhayo nomuzwa wokujabulela. Lokhu kuziphatha, kanye nolimi lomzimba olukhululekile kanye nezinkulumo ezibonwa ngesikhathi sokudlala, kunikeza ubufakazi obuqand' ikhanda benjabulo nenjabulo elinganayo.
4. Uzwelo Nozwelo
Uzwela yikhono lokuqonda nokwabelana ngemizwa yabanye, futhi kunobufakazi obubonisa ukuthi ama-equines angabonisa uzwela nobubele. Amahhashi aye abonwa eduduza futhi eduduza amanye amahhashi asosizini. Lapho ihhashi elilodwa licasukile noma lisezinhlungwini, amalungu omhlambi oseduze angase asondele futhi ame nomuntu ocindezelekile, ngokuvamile abonise imikhuba ethambile yokuquleka noma yokuzilungisa. Lokhu kusikisela ukuthi amahhashi anamandla okuqwashisa ngokomzwelo kanye nesifiso sokududuza ontanga yawo ngezikhathi zesidingo.
5. Ukuhlukumezeka kanye ne-PTSD
Njengabantu, ama-equines angathola ukuhlukumezeka, futhi abanye abantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezifana ne-post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Amahhashi ahlangabezane nezenzakalo ezibuhlungu, njengokuhlukunyezwa noma izingozi, angase abonise izibazi ezingokomzwelo ezihlala njalo. Izimpawu ezijwayelekile ze-PTSD ye-equine zingabandakanya ukusabela okuphakeme kuzibangeli ezithile, ama-flashbacks, kanye nokungakwazi ukukhululeka noma ukwethemba izimo ezintsha.
Odokotela bezilwane kanye ne-equine behaviour baye bahlakulela izindlela zokwelapha zokusiza amahhashi anezinkinga ezihlobene nokuhlukumezeka. Lokhu kungenelela kuvame ukubandakanya ukubekezela, ukuqiniswa okuhle, kanye nokungazweli kancane kancane ezintweni ezibangela ukuhlukumezeka. Iqiniso lokuthi amahhashi angaba nezimpawu ezifana ne-PTSD futhi azuze ekungeneni kwezokwelapha kuphakamisa kakhulu ukuba khona kokuhlangenwe nakho okujulile okungokomzwelo kanye nezimpendulo ekuhlukumezeni.
I-Equine Cognition kanye Nemizwa
Nakuba ama-equines engase angabi nalo izinga elifanayo lokuyinkimbinkimbi kwengqondo njengabantu, amakhono abo okuqonda adlala indima ekuhlangenwe nakho kwabo ngokomzwelo. Ukuqonda ukuthi ama-equines abona futhi axhumana kanjani nomhlaba kunganikeza imininingwane eyengeziwe ezimpilweni zabo ezingokomzwelo.
I-1. Inkumbulo
Ama-equines aziwa ngenkumbulo yawo yesikhathi eside enhle kakhulu. Bangakwazi ukukhumbula abantu abathile, izindawo, nokuhlangenwe nakho okudlule, ngisho nangemva kweminyaka eminingi. Leli khono lokukhumbula alibalulekile nje kuphela ukuze umuntu aphile endle kodwa futhi ekwakheni nasekulondolozeni izibopho ezingokomzwelo namanye amahhashi kanye nabantu.
Ikhono lokukhumbula okuhlangenwe nakho kwesikhathi esidlule lingase libe nomthelela ekuphenduleni kwabo ngokomzwelo ezimeni ezithile. Amahhashi abe nokuhlangenwe nakho okuhle ngemisebenzi ethile noma abantu maningi amathuba okuba basondele kulezi zimo ngomdlandla nokwethembeka, kuyilapho lawo anezinkumbulo ezingezinhle angase asabele ngokwesaba noma ukukhathazeka.
2. Ubuhlakani Bomphakathi
Ama-Equines akhombisa ubuhlakani bezenhlalo, okubandakanya ukuqaphela nokuphendula imizwa nezinhloso zabanye abantu. Bangakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwesimo sobuso somuntu nesilinganayo kanye nolimi lomzimba, okubenza bakwazi ukukala isimo somzwelo salabo ababazungezile.
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi amahhashi angakwazi ukubona futhi asabele ngendlela ehlukile ebusweni bomuntu obujabulisayo nobuthukuthele. Angase asondele kumuntu obonisa ukujabula futhi angase agweme noma abonise ukuqapha kothile obonisa intukuthelo. Leli khono lokufunda imizwa yomuntu liphinde ligcizelele amandla abo okuzibandakanya ekusebenzelaneni komphakathi okucebile ngokomzwelo.
3. Ukuxazulula Izinkinga Nokuzivumelanisa nezimo
Ama-equines ayakwazi futhi ukuxazulula izinkinga nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezintsha, ezingaba nomthelela ekuphenduleni kwawo ngokomzwelo. Lapho ebhekene nezinselele noma izinguquko endaweni yawo, amahhashi nezimbongolo zingabonisa amazinga ahlukahlukene okukhungatheka, ukuzimisela, noma ilukuluku. Ikhono labo lokuhlola nokuphendula ezimweni ezintsha liphakamisa izinga lokuzibandakanya kwengqondo okuhambisana nakho kwabo okungokomzwelo.
Imiphumela Yokuziphatha
Ukubona ukuthi ama-equines anemizwa kunethonya elibalulekile lezimiso zokuziphatha endleleni esisebenzisana ngayo nesinakekela ngayo lezi zilwane. Nazi ezinye izinto ezibalulekile ezicatshangelwayo:
1. Izenhlalakahle Nokwelashwa
Ukuqonda ukuthi ama-equines angaba nemizwa kusho ukuthi inhlalakahle yawo kufanele ibe yinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Imikhuba ebangela ukucindezeleka ngokomzimba noma ngokomzwelo, okufana nezindlela zokuqeqesha ezinokhahlo noma ukuvalelwa esitokisini, kufanele ihlolwe kabusha ngokucabangela izidingo ezingokomzwelo zalezi zilwane.
Ukudla okufanele, indawo yokuhlala, ukuxhumana nabantu, kanye nokufinyelela ngaphandle kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni inhlalakahle engokomzwelo yama-equines. Ukuhlinzeka ngendawo ebavumela ukuba baveze ukuziphatha kwemvelo, njengokuzijabulisa nokuhlanganyela ekudlaleni, kungaba nomthelela empilweni yabo yemizwa.
2. Ukuqeqeshwa Nokuphatha
Ukuqeqeshwa okulinganayo nezindlela zokuphatha kufanele zibeke phambili ukuqinisa okuhle kanye namasu amnene ahlonipha ukuzwela kwemizwelo yalezi zilwane. Izindlela zokujezisa ezibangela ukwesaba noma ubuhlungu zingaba nemiphumela emibi ehlala njalo enhlalakahleni yabo engokomzwelo.
Abaphathi nabaqeqeshi kufanele bafundiswe mayelana nokuziphatha kwe-equine kanye nemizwa, kanye nezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu nezilungile zokusebenza nalezi zilwane. Ukubona nokusabela ezimeni zemizwelo zama-equines kungaholela ekusebenzelaneni okuyimpumelelo nokuvumelanayo kwabantu ne-equines.
3. Ukuvikelwa Kwezomthetho
Ukuqonda ukuthi ama-equines anemizwa kungase kuholele ekwenyukeni kokuvikelwa okusemthethweni kwalezi zilwane. Imithetho ebhekelela inhlalakahle yezilwane nokuvikelwa ingase idinge ukuthi ibuyekezwe ukuze ibhekane nezidingo ezingokomzwelo zama-equines. Lokhu kungafaka imithethonqubo ephathelene nezindlu, ezokuthutha, kanye nokuphathwa kwama-equines asebenzayo ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene.
Inkulumompikiswano Ngemizwa Yezilwane
Nakuba kunobufakazi obukhulayo obubonisa ukuthi ama-equines anemizwelo, ukutadisha imizwelo yezilwane kusalokhu kuyimpikiswano phakathi kososayensi, izazi zokuziphatha kanye nochwepheshe bokuziphatha kwezilwane. Abanye baphikisa ngokuthi i-anthropomorphism, ukuchazwa kwemizwelo yomuntu ezilwaneni, ingaholela ekucabangeni ngokweqile kwemizwelo yezilwane. Bakholelwa ukuthi ukuziphatha kwezilwane ngokuvamile kungachazwa ngomzwelo wemvelo kanye nesimo esikhundleni sokuhlangenwe nakho okungokomzwelo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi okuhlangenwe nakho okungokomzwelo kwezilwane, kuhlanganise nama-equines, akufani nemizwelo yomuntu. Imizwa ezilwaneni ingase ibe lula noma igxile kakhulu ekusindeni nasekuxhumaneni nomphakathi, kodwa lokhu akukunciphisi ukubaluleka kwayo. Ukuqonda nokuhlonipha izimpilo ezingokomzwelo zezilwane kungaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwenhlalakahle yezilwane kanye nokuphathwa ngendlela efanele.
Isiphetho
Ubufakazi obusekela umbono wokuthi ama-equines anemizwa bukhulu futhi buyakhula. Amahhashi, izimbongolo, namadube abonisa izinhlobonhlobo zokuziphatha kanye nezimpendulo zomzimba eziphakamisa okuhlangenwe nakho okungokomzwelo, okuhlanganisa izibopho zomphakathi, ukwesaba, injabulo, uzwela, nezimpendulo ekuhlukumezekeni. Amakhono abo okuqonda, okuhlanganisa inkumbulo, ukuhlakanipha komphakathi, nokuxazulula izinkinga, asekela ngokwengeziwe ukuba khona kwemizwelo kulezi zilwane.
Ukubona izimpilo ezingokomzwelo zama-equines kunemithelela ebalulekile enhlalakahleni yabo, ukuqeqeshwa, nokuvikelwa kwezomthetho. Igcizelela ukubaluleka kokuphatha lezi zilwane ngenhlonipho, uzwela, nokucabangela izidingo zazo ezingokomzwelo. Ngenkathi impikiswano mayelana nemizwa yezilwane iqhubeka, isisindo sobufakazi siphakamisa ngokuqinile ukuthi ama-equines, njengezinye izilwane eziningi, athola imizwa ecebile yemizwa efanelwe ukunakwa kwethu nokunakekelwa.
