Hamster ndi yaying'ono, yokongola, ndipo nthawi zambiri imasungidwa ngati ziweto ndi anthu padziko lonse lapansi. Amadziwika ndi matupi awo ozungulira, malaya osawoneka bwino, ndi timiyendo tating'ono, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala mabwenzi okondedwa kwa ambiri. Koma kodi munayamba mwadzifunsapo kumene tinthu tating’ono tosangalatsa timeneti timachokera? Kodi mbiri ya hamster ndi yotani, ndipo zinakhala bwanji ziweto zotchuka chonchi? Pakufufuza uku kwa chiyambi ndi kusinthika kwa hamster, tilowa m'malo awo achilengedwe, mbiri yakale, ndi ulendo wawo kuchokera kuthengo kupita kunyumba zathu.
Malo Achilengedwe a Hamsters
Kuti mumvetsetse magwero a hamster, ndikofunikira kuyamba ndi malo awo achilengedwe. Hamster ndi makoswe, ndipo mitundu yambiri ya hamster imachokera kumadera aku Europe ndi Asia. Ena mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino ya hamster ndi monga hamster yaku Syria, hamster ya Roborovski, hamster yaku Russia, ndi hamster yaku China. Iliyonse mwa mitundu iyi ili ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera, koma imagawana mbiri yofanana ya chisinthiko.
Europe ndi Asia: Malo obadwira a Hamsters
Hamsters amakhulupirira kuti adachokera ku Ulaya ndi Asia. Hamster ya ku Ulaya (Cricetus cricetus), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti hamster wamba, ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yakale kwambiri yodziwika bwino ya hamster. Mtundu uwu umapezeka ku Eastern Europe ndi Western Asia. Ndilo lalikulu kwambiri mwa mitundu yonse ya hamster, ndipo machitidwe ake oboola ndi hibernating ndi omwe amapezeka pakati pa hamster.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, hamster ya ku Syria ( Mesocricetus auratus ) imachokera ku Syria ndi mbali za kumpoto kwa Israeli. Mtundu uwu umatengedwa kuti ndi kholo la hamster ambiri omwe amasungidwa masiku ano. Hamster yaku Syria idapezeka koyamba m'zaka za zana la 18 ndipo pambuyo pake idayambitsidwa ku malonda a ziweto.
Malo okhala ndi Moyo
Hamster amasinthidwa kuti azikhala m'malo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zipululu, udzu, ndi madera aulimi. Iwo ali oyenerera bwino moyo wakukumba, okhala ndi zikwama zapamasaya zapadera zonyamuliramo chakudya ndi madzenje otakata pobisalira. Hamster amadziwika chifukwa cha kukhala kwaokha, komwe kumatengera malo omwe amakhala ochepa.
Ngalandezi sizimangokhala ngati pogona komanso ngati mosungiramo chakudya. Hamster amadziwika kuti amasunga chakudya m'makumba awo, yomwe ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yopulumutsira kumadera komwe chakudya chimakhala chosowa nthawi zina pachaka. Makhalidwe awo okhala okha komanso madera amathandizira kuteteza masitolo awo ogulitsa zakudya ku ma hamster ena.
Kupezeka kwa Hamsters
Hamsters monga momwe timawadziwira masiku ano mwina sakanakhala ziweto zodziwika bwino pakadapanda zinthu zingapo zofunika zomwe zidapezeka m'zaka za zana la 18 ndi 19.
Kukumana Kwambiri M'nkhalango
Kukumana koyamba kolembedwa ndi hamster kuthengo kudayamba mu 1797 pomwe katswiri wa sayansi ya zinyama wa ku Germany dzina lake George Waterhouse anafotokoza za kukhalapo kwawo ku Syria. Ma hamster omwe adawawona anali makolo a hamster yaku Syria, yomwe pambuyo pake idakhala chiweto chodziwika bwino komanso kafukufuku.
Chiyambi cha Pet Trade
Kuyamba kwa Hamster waku Syria pamalonda a ziweto kumanenedwa kuti ndi chinthu china chofunikira. M’zaka za m’ma 1930, wasayansi wina wa ku Britain dzina lake George H. Hamster anagwira makoswe angapo pamene anali paulendo wopita ku Syria. Anawabweretsanso ku UK ndikuyamba kuwaswana ali ku ukapolo. Chifukwa chake, mtundu wa hamster unatchedwa dzina lake.
Zinyalala zoyamba za ana a hamster obadwa muukapolo zinakhala zokopa ku London Zoo, ndipo chochitika ichi chinali chiyambi cha kutchuka kwa hamster waku Syria ngati chiweto. Kuchokera kumeneko, anafalitsidwa kumadera osiyanasiyana a dziko lapansi, ndipo mapologalamu oŵeta anakhazikitsidwa.
Kusintha kwa Mitundu ya Hamster
Ma Hamster asintha kwazaka mamiliyoni ambiri, akusintha kumadera osiyanasiyana komanso zovuta. Kumvetsetsa mbiri yawo yachisinthiko kumathandiza kuwunikira kusiyanasiyana kwawo komanso mawonekedwe awo apadera.
Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana
Banja la hamster, Cricetidae, limaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo, iliyonse yogwirizana ndi malo ake enieni. Hamster asiyanitsidwa m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mitundu yambiri ikhale ndi mawonekedwe osiyana.
Chitsanzo chimodzi ndi Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus). Tizilombo tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'onoting'ono timadziwika kuti timatha kukwera modabwitsa. Amachokera ku Northern China ndi Mongolia ndipo amasiyana kwambiri ndi hamster ya ku Syria potengera maonekedwe ndi khalidwe.
Mitundu ina yodziwika bwino ndi Roborovski hamster (Phodopus roborovskii), yomwe imadziwika ndi kukula kwake kakang'ono komanso liwiro. Ma hamster ang'onoang'onowa ndi ochepa kwambiri mwa mitundu yonse ya hamster ndipo amachokera ku zipululu za Mongolia ndi China.
Kusintha kwa Kupulumuka
Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zomwe hamster amagawana ndi kuthekera kwawo kukumba. Kusintha kumeneku kumawathandiza kupanga tunnel ndi zipinda zapansi panthaka zovuta kuti atetezedwe ku adani ndi nyengo yoipa. Amakhalanso ndi zikwama zamasaya, zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito posungira ndi kunyamula chakudya.
Zikwama zamasaya za hamster ndizosintha kwambiri pa moyo wawo woyendayenda. Amatha kusonkhanitsa chakudya m’dera lalikulu n’kuchibweza kudzenje kwawo kuti akachisungire. Zikwama zimenezi zimatha kutambasula nthawi zambiri kukula kwa mutu wa hamster, kuwalola kunyamula chakudya chochuluka.
Moyo Wozungulira ndi Kubereka
Hamster amakhala ndi moyo waufupi, nthawi zambiri kuyambira chaka chimodzi mpaka zitatu zakuthengo, ngakhale amatha kukhala nthawi yayitali mu ukapolo. Amaberekana mwachangu, ndipo malita a ana amabadwa pakatha nthawi yoyembekezera ya masiku pafupifupi 16.
Chinthu chimodzi chapadera pa kubereka kwa hamster ndi chakuti mayi yekha ndi amene ali ndi udindo wosamalira ana. Amuna ndi akazi alibe udindo wolera ana, ndipo, m’chenicheni, angakhale aukali ngati akukhala pamodzi. Hamster amayamwitsa ana ake, amawafunda, ndi kuwapatsa chakudya mpaka atakula mokwanira kuti atuluke okha m'dzenjemo.
Kusiyanasiyana kwa Makhalidwe
Hamster amawonetsanso machitidwe osiyanasiyana m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, hamster ya ku Ulaya imadziwika ndi khalidwe la hibernation, zomwe siziwoneka kawirikawiri mu mitundu ina ya hamster. Nyama zotchedwa hamster za ku Ulaya zimakumba maenje akuya ndi kugona kwa miyezi ingapo m’nyengo yachisanu, podalira chakudya chimene anasunga.
Mosiyana ndi izi, hamster ya ku Syria simagona ndipo imakhala yogwira ntchito chaka chonse. Imakhalanso yokhayokha poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina yomwe imatha kulekerera kukhala m'magulu ang'onoang'ono.
Hamsters ngati Ziweto
Kutchuka kwa hamster ngati ziweto kumatha kutsatiridwa kuyambira pomwe a hamster aku Syria adayambitsa malonda a ziweto. Komabe, ulendo wawo wochokera kutchire kupita ku nyumba zathu ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe yathandizira malonda a ziweto ndi nkhani yochititsa chidwi.
Hamster waku Syria ngati Hamster Woyamba Wanyama
Hamster waku Syria, wokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofatsa komanso owoneka bwino, adakopa mitima ya anthu okonda ziweto mwachangu. Kuyamba kwake ku malonda a ziweto kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 20 kunali chiyambi cha hamster ngati ziweto zapakhomo.
Ma hamster a ku Syria amabwera mumitundu yosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zokopa kwa anthu amisinkhu yonse. Kukula kwawo kochepa komanso zofunikira zosamalidwa bwino zidathandizira kutchuka kwawo.
Kuswana ndi Kusiyanasiyana kwa Mitundu
Pamene hamster idayamba kutchuka kwambiri ngati ziweto, kuyesetsa kusankha kuswana kunapangitsa kuti pakhale mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu ndi malaya. Zina mwazofala kwambiri ndi hamster ya golide, yomwe imakhala ndi malaya agolide, ndi tsitsi lalitali kapena teddy bear hamster, yomwe imadziwika ndi maonekedwe ake.
Kupezeka kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi mawonekedwe kumapangitsa kuti hamster ikhale yosangalatsa kwambiri kwa eni ziweto omwe amakonda kukhala ndi zosankha zosiyanasiyana.
Nkhawa Zachikhalidwe Pakubereka
Ndikoyenera kudziwa kuti kuswana kwakukulu ndi kufunafuna mitundu yapadera ya malaya kwadzetsa nkhawa zina. Zochita zobereketsa zomwe zimayika patsogolo kukongola kuposa thanzi ndi thanzi la nyama zapangitsa kuti pakhale zovuta zosiyanasiyana zama genetic mu hamsters ya ziweto. Izi zikuphatikizapo matenda monga kunenepa kwambiri, shuga, ndi mavuto a mano. Ntchito zoweta mwamakhalidwe zimafuna kuthana ndi mavutowa ndikulimbikitsa thanzi ndi thanzi la hamster.
Kusamalira ndi Kusamalira
Hamster amapanga ziweto zabwino kwambiri kwa iwo omwe ali okonzeka kuwapatsa chisamaliro ndi chisamaliro chomwe amafunikira. Mipanda yawo iyenera kutsanzira malo awo achilengedwe, kuwapatsa malo oti azikumba ndi kufufuza. Zogona bwino, chakudya, ndi madzi abwino n’zofunika kwambiri kuti akhale ndi moyo wabwino.
Kugwira hamster mofatsa komanso pafupipafupi kumatha kuwathandiza kuti azolowerane ndi anthu. Komabe, ndikofunikira kuzindikira kuti ma hamster nthawi zambiri amakhala otanganidwa kwambiri usiku, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti sangakhale chiweto choyenera kwa iwo omwe amakonda kukhala ndi masana.
Zovuta pa Kuweta Ziweto
Kukhala ndi hamster ya ziweto kumabwera ndi zovuta zake. Ndikofunikira kudziwa zovuta izi musanasankhe kubweretsa hamster m'nyumba mwanu. Mavuto omwe eni ake a hamster amakumana nawo ndi awa:
- Yekhayokha: Monga tanenera kale, mitundu yambiri ya hamster imakhala yokhayokha, ndipo imatha kukhala yopanikizika kapena yaukali ngati imakhala ndi hamster ina.
- Moyo Waufupi: Hamster ali ndi moyo wautali, zomwe zingakhale zovuta kwa eni ake.
- Zochitika Zausiku: Hamster nthawi zambiri amakhala achangu usiku, zomwe zingakhale zovuta kwa eni ake.
- Zovuta Zaumoyo: Hamsters amatha kudwala matenda osiyanasiyana, ndipo kukula kwawo kochepa kungapangitse chisamaliro cha ziweto kukhala chovuta.
- Ojambula Othawa: Hamster amadziwika kuti amatha kuthawa m'makola kapena m'mipanda ngati sanatetezedwe bwino.
Hamsters mu Kafukufuku wa Sayansi
Kupatula kukhala ziweto zodziwika bwino, hamster yathandizanso kwambiri pakufufuza kwasayansi. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo m'ma laboratories kwapereka zidziwitso zamtengo wapatali m'magawo osiyanasiyana a biology ndi zamankhwala.
Wheel Hamster of Medical Research
Hamsters akhala akuthandizira pamaphunziro okhudzana ndi kubereka, ma genetics, ndi ma circadian rhythms. Makoswe ang'onoang'onowa athandizira kuti timvetsetse za njira yoberekera ya mammalian komanso zotsatira za zinthu zosiyanasiyana pa kubereka. Mwachitsanzo, ma hamster akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza za njira zolerera za mahomoni komanso mmene zimakhudzira kubereka.
Kuphatikiza pa kafukufuku wa uchembere, ma hamster akhala ofunikira kwambiri pophunzira momwe ma circadian rhythms amakhudza thanzi la munthu. Khalidwe lawo lausiku limawapangitsa kukhala oyenerera kuphunzira za wotchi yamkati ya thupi ndi momwe imakhudzira kugona, tcheru, ndi thanzi.
Hamsters ndi Kafukufuku wa Matenda
Hamsters amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zitsanzo pophunzira matenda opatsirana. Amatengeka mosavuta ndi ma virus ndi mabakiteriya ena, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala abwino pofufuza matenda omwe amakhudza anthu. Mwachitsanzo, hamster ya ku Syria yagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza za kufalitsa ndi kuchiza matenda monga herpes simplex ndi kupuma kwa syncytial virus (RSV).
Kukula kwawo kwakukulu poyerekeza ndi makoswe ena kumawapangitsa kukhala osavuta kugwira nawo ntchito mu labotale. Kukula kumeneku ndi kopindulitsa poyesa kuyesa, makamaka komwe kumakhudza kasamalidwe ka mankhwala kapena kuyang'anira kusintha kwa thupi.
Hamsters mu Chikhalidwe Chotchuka
Hamsters apanga njira yawo yodziwika bwino m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuyambira m'mabuku ndi zojambulajambula kupita ku malonda ndi memes. Makoswe ang'onoang'ono awa akhala zizindikiro ndi zilembo zamitundu yambiri.
Hamsters mu Literature ndi Makatuni
Mmodzi wa hamster zopeka zodziwika bwino ndi "Hamtaro," munthu wochokera m'mabuku a ana aku Japan omwe adasinthidwa kukhala anime ndi masewera a kanema. Hamtaro amadziwika chifukwa cha maulendo ake ndi abwenzi ake a hamster, ndipo mndandandawu unakhala wotchuka kwambiri, makamaka pakati pa ana.
M'mabuku, ma hamster nthawi zina amalembedwa m'mabuku a ana, kuwonjezera kukongola kwawo ndi kukopa kwawo. Chikhalidwe chawo chokongola komanso chodziwika bwino chimawapangitsa kukhala mitu yabwino kwambiri yankhani za ana ndi mafanizo.
Hamsters mu Kutsatsa
Ma Hamster akhala akugwiritsidwanso ntchito potsatsa kutsatsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Chitsanzo chimodzi chodziwika bwino ndi malonda a Kia Soul omwe ali ndi gulu la hamster la hip-hop likuyendetsa mumzinda, kulimbikitsa mapangidwe a galimotoyo komanso apadera.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ma hamster pakutsatsa kumapangitsa chidwi chawo komanso kukondeka kwawo, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala chida chothandiza pakutsatsa.
Memes ndi Chikhalidwe cha intaneti
M'zaka za intaneti, ma hamster adalowa m'malo a memes ndi chikhalidwe cha pa intaneti. Mwina imodzi mwa hamster yodziwika bwino yapaintaneti ndi "Pizzarat," yomwe idadziwikiratu chifukwa chonyamula pizza munjanji yapansi panthaka ku New York City. Nthawi zama virus izi zikuwonetsa machitidwe osayembekezeka komanso osangalatsa a hamster m'makonzedwe atsiku ndi tsiku.
Tsogolo la Hamsters
Mofanana ndi zamoyo zambiri, hamster amakumana ndi mavuto m'dziko lamakono, kuphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa malo ndi zotsatira za ntchito za anthu. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuganizira za ubwino wa hamster kuthengo komanso ku ukapolo pamene tikupita patsogolo.
Kuyesetsa Kuteteza
Hamster yaku Europe, makamaka, yakumana ndi kuchepa kwa chiwerengero cha anthu chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala komanso ntchito zaulimi. Anthu akuyesetsa kuteteza mitundu imeneyi komanso malo ake okhala. Mabungwe oteteza zachilengedwe akugwira ntchito kuti ateteze ngalande za ku Europe za hamster ndikukhazikitsa malo osungira komwe angachite bwino.
Kuphatikiza pa hamster zakutchire, ubwino wa hamster wa ziweto ndi nkhani yodetsa nkhawa. Kuweta moyenera komanso kukhala ndi ziweto moyenera ndizofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti ziweto zokondedwazi zikukhala bwino.
Maphunziro ndi Chidziwitso
Kudziwitsa za hamster ndi mbiri yawo yachilengedwe ndikofunikira kuti atetezedwe ndikukhala bwino. Kulimbikitsa kukhala ndi ziweto moyenera, chisamaliro choyenera, ndi kuŵeta moyenera kungathandize kuti tinyama tating'ono timeneti tikhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso osangalala.
Mapulogalamu a maphunziro ndi zoyambitsa zingathandize anthu kumvetsetsa bwino hamster, zosowa zawo, ndi udindo wawo mu chilengedwe. Kudziwa zimenezi kungathandize kuti tiziyamikira makoswe osangalatsawa.
Kutsiliza
Hamsters, omwe adachokera ku Europe ndi Asia, adasintha kukhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo, iliyonse idatengera malo ake apadera. Kuyamba kwawo pa malonda a ziweto, makamaka hamster ya ku Syria, inali chiyambi cha kutchuka kwawo ngati ziweto zapakhomo. Iwo athandizira pa kafukufuku wa sayansi, akugwira ntchito zofunika kwambiri pakumvetsetsa kubereka, majini, ndi ma circadian rhythms.
Ma Hamster apezanso njira yawo pachikhalidwe chodziwika bwino, kuwonekera m'mabuku, zojambulajambula, kutsatsa, komanso ngati ma memes a pa intaneti. Pempho lawo likupitirizabe kukopa anthu amisinkhu yonse.
Pamene tikuyang'ana zam'tsogolo, ndikofunikira kulingalira za ubwino wa hamster kuthengo komanso ku ukapolo. Kuyesetsa kuteteza, kukhala ndi ziweto moyenera, komanso maphunziro ndizofunikira kwambiri powonetsetsa kuti makoswe okondedwawa akukhala bwino komanso kuyamikiridwa kwa mibadwo ikubwerayi. Hamsters, omwe ali ndi chiyambi chawo chochepa komanso kukongola kosangalatsa, ndi umboni wa kuyanjana kochititsa chidwi pakati pa chilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu.
