Mawu Oyamba: Matenda Owola Mapazi
Kuwola kwa phazi ndi matenda obwera ndi bakiteriya omwe amakhudza ziboda za ziweto monga ng'ombe, nkhosa ndi mbuzi. Zimayambitsidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa mabakiteriya omwe amalowa m'phazi la nyama kudzera m'mabala kapena mabala. Matendawa amadziwika ndi kupunduka, kutupa, ndi kutupa kwa phazi, ndipo ngati sichitsatiridwa, chingayambitse kuwonongeka kosatha ndi kuwonongeka kwa zokolola za nyama.
Kuwola kwa phazi kumadetsa nkhawa kwambiri alimi chifukwa kumakhudza kwambiri thanzi ndi moyo wa ziweto zawo, komanso kukhazikika kwachuma chawo. Komabe, palinso funso loti ngati nyama yochokera ku nyama zowola mapazi imatha kuonedwa kuti ndi yabwino kwa anthu. M’nkhani ino, tiona zimene zimayambitsa kuvunda kwa mapazi, zotsatira zake pa nyama ya ng’ombe, ndiponso kuopsa kwa thanzi la munthu akamadya nyama ya ng’ombe imene ili ndi kachilomboka.
Kodi N'chiyani Chimachititsa Mapazi Kuwola ng'ombe?
Kuwola kwa phazi kumayambitsidwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa mabakiteriya awiri: Fusobacterium necrophorum ndi Dichelobacter nodosus. Mabakiteriyawa amapezeka m'nthaka ndipo amatha kulowa m'mapazi a nyama kudzera m'mabala kapena mikwingwirima. Malo amvula ndi auve monga msipu wamatope ndi nkhokwe amapereka malo abwino kwambiri oberekera mabakiteriya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azitha kupatsira ziweto mosavuta.
Zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti phazi liwole ndi monga kusasamalira bwino ziboda, kusadya mokwanira, komanso kuchulukana. Ng'ombe zomwe zili ndi chitetezo chamthupi chofooka nazonso zimagwidwa ndi matendawa. Nyamayo ikadwala, imatha kukhala yopunduka komanso kuyenda movutikira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti zidye ndi kumwa madzi, zomwe zingapangitse kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chifooke.
Kodi Ng'ombe Zowola Mapazi Zingaphedwe?
Ng'ombe zowola phazi zitha kuphedwa, koma sizovomerezeka. Kupunduka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha matendawa kumatha kusokoneza kuyenda kwa nyamayo ndipo kungayambitse kutayika kwa chikhalidwe, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yosayenera kudya anthu. Pachifukwa ichi, alimi amalangizidwa kuti azitha kuchiza ndi kuwongolera matendawa asanaganize zopha nyama yomwe yakhudzidwa.
Zotsatira za Kuwola kwa Phazi pa Nyama ya Ng'ombe
Kuwola kwa phazi kumatha kukhudza kwambiri nyama ya ng'ombe. Matendawa angayambitse minofu atrophy, zomwe zimabweretsa kutaya kwa zokolola za nyama ndi khalidwe. Kuonjezera apo, kutupa ndi matenda a phazi kungachititse kuti mafinya ndi madzi ena azichulukana, zomwe zimatha kuipitsa nyama ndikupangitsa kuti iwonongeke mofulumira.
Komanso, ng'ombe zowola mapazi zimatha kutaya chilakolako ndi kutaya madzi m'thupi, zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa thupi komanso kuchepa kwa minofu. Kupsinjika maganizo komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha matendawa kungapangitsenso kuwonjezereka kwa kupanga cortisol, hormone yomwe ingasokoneze kukoma ndi maonekedwe a nyama.
Kodi Ndi Bwino Kudya Nyama ya Ng'ombe Yowola Mapazi?
Kudya nyama ya ng'ombe zowola mapazi sikovomerezeka. Matendawa amatha kusokoneza thanzi ndi chitetezo cha nyama, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosayenera kudyedwa ndi anthu. Kudya nyama yochokera ku nyama yomwe ili ndi kachilombo kungapangitsenso chiopsezo chotenga matenda a bakiteriya monga salmonella ndi E. coli.
Ndikofunika kuti alimi ndi okonza nyama atsatire ndondomeko zaukhondo ndi chitetezo kuti nyama ya ziweto zomwe zili ndi matenda asasakanizidwe ndi nyama yathanzi. Mukakayikira, nthawi zonse ndi bwino kulakwitsa ndikupewa kudya nyama ya ng'ombe zowola mapazi.
Kuwola kwa Mapazi ndi Kuyendera Nyama
Kuyang'anira nyama ndi gawo lofunikira pakuwonetsetsa chitetezo cha nyama kuti idyedwe ndi anthu. M’maiko ambiri, kuwunika kwa nyama kumaloledwa, ndipo nyama yonse imayenera kuunikiridwa ngati ili ndi zizindikiro za matenda kapena kuipitsidwa kwake isanagulitsidwe.
Nyama zowola mapazi nthawi zambiri zimadziwika panthawi yoyang'anira nyama, ndipo nyama yawo imatsutsidwa, kutanthauza kuti siingathe kugulitsidwa kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti anthu adye. Komabe, sizotheka nthawi zonse kuzindikira kuti phazi likuwola panthawi yoyang'anira nyama, makamaka ngati nyamayo inali ndi kachilombo posachedwa. Izi zikuwonetsa kufunikira kosamalira bwino ndi kukonza nyama kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chotenga matenda.
Kuopsa kwa Thanzi Lakudya Nyama Yochokera ku Ng'ombe Zodwala
Kudya nyama yochokera ku ng’ombe zomwe zili ndi kachilombo kungapangitse chiopsezo chotenga matenda a bakiteriya monga salmonella ndi E. coli. Matendawa amatha kuyambitsa zizindikiro monga kutsekula m'mimba, kusanza, kutentha thupi, ndipo zikavuta kwambiri, amatha kugonekedwa m'chipatala kapena ngakhale imfa.
Kuonjezera apo, kugwiritsa ntchito maantibayotiki pochiza zowola za phazi kungapangitsenso chiopsezo cha matenda osamva ma antibiotic, omwe angakhale ovuta kuchiza. Pachifukwa ichi, ndikofunikira kutsatira ndondomeko yoyenera yotetezera chakudya pogwira ndi kuphika nyama.
Kufunika Kosamalira Ndi Kuphika Moyenera
Kusamalira ndi kuphika nyama moyenera ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha matenda obwera chifukwa cha chakudya. Nyama yonse iyenera kusamaliridwa ndikusungidwa pa kutentha koyenera kuti tipewe kukula kwa mabakiteriya owopsa. Nyama iyeneranso kuphikidwa pa kutentha koyenera kuti mabakiteriya onse owopsa awonongeke.
Pogwira nyama ya ng'ombe yomwe ili ndi kachilombo, ndikofunika kusamala kwambiri kuti tipewe kufalikira kwa mabakiteriya. Izi zikuphatikizapo kusamba m'manja ndi pamalo bwino, kupewa kuipitsidwa, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ziwiya zosiyana ndi matabwa odulira nyama yaiwisi ndi yophika.
Kodi Kuwola Kwa Mapazi Kungafatsire Anthu?
Kuwola kwa phazi si matenda a zoonotic, kutanthauza kuti sangathe kufalikira kuchokera ku nyama kupita kwa anthu. Komabe, mabakiteriya omwe amayambitsa kuvunda kwa phazi amatha kukhalapo m'chilengedwe ndipo amatha kuyambitsa matenda ngati alowa m'thupi la munthu kudzera m'mabala kapena mabala.
Pachifukwachi, ndikofunika kusamala pogwira ziweto, kuphatikizapo kuvala magolovesi ndi zida zina zodzitetezera komanso kusamba m'manja bwinobwino mutagwirana.
Kusamala kwa Alimi ndi Ogula
Kupewa kuola kwa phazi ku ng'ombe ndi ziweto zina ndikofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti nyama ili yotetezeka komanso yabwino kuti idyedwe ndi anthu. Alimi atha kuchitapo kanthu monga kukhazikitsa malo aukhondo ndi owuma, kusamalira ziboda moyenera, ndi chakudya chokwanira chothandizira kupewa kufalikira kwa matendawa.
Ogula athanso kutengapo gawo powonetsetsa chitetezo cha nyama potsatira ndondomeko zoyenera zotetezera chakudya pogwira ndi kuphika nyama. Izi zikuphatikizapo kusamba m'manja ndi pamalo abwino, kuphika nyama kuti isatenthedwe koyenera, komanso kupewa kuipitsidwa.
Kutsiliza: Pansi Pansi
Pomaliza, kudya nyama ya ng'ombe zowola mapazi sikuvomerezeka chifukwa cha kuopsa kwa thanzi komanso zotsatirapo zoipa pa khalidwe la nyama. Nyama yochokera ku nyama zomwe zili ndi kachilombo nthawi zambiri zimazindikirika ndikutsutsidwa panthawi yoyang'anira nyama, komabe ndikofunikira kuti alimi ndi okonza mapulogalamu azitsatira njira zoyenera zaukhondo ndi chitetezo.
Ogula athanso kuchitapo kanthu kuti awonetsetse chitetezo cha nyama potsatira njira zoyenera zotetezera chakudya pogwira ndi kuphika nyama. Pogwira ntchito limodzi, alimi, okonza, ndi ogula angathandize kuonetsetsa chitetezo ndi khalidwe la nyama kuti anthu adye.
Maumboni ndi Kuwerenga Mowonjezereka
- American Association of Bovine Practitioners. (2019). Kuwola kwa mapazi. Zobwezedwa kuchokera ku https://www.aabp.org/resources/practice_guidelines/feet_and_legs/foot_rot.aspx
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020). Salmonella. Kutengedwera ku https://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/index.html
- Chitetezo Chakudya ndi Ntchito Yoyang'anira. (2021). Matenda a m’mapazi ndi m’kamwa. Kuchokera ku https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/meat-preparation/foot-and-mouth- matenda/CT_Index
- National Library of Medicine. (2021). E. koli matenda. Yabwezedwa kuchokera ku https://medlineplus.gov/ecoliinfections.html
