Introduction: The Age-Old Question
ʻO ka nīnau inā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka noho ʻana a i ʻole ke ola naʻauao i hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia no nā kenekulia. Makemake ʻoe e lilo i puaʻa ʻoluʻolu, e noho ana i kahi ola leʻaleʻa a me ka ʻoluʻolu, a i ʻole Socrates hauʻoli ʻole, e noho ana i ke ola o ka naʻauao a me ka ʻike? ʻAʻole maʻalahi kēia nīnau e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia, no ka mea, loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā hemahema o ke ola ʻelua.
Ka Moolelo o na Kumumanao elua
ʻO ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma waena o ka puaʻa ʻoluʻolu a me ka Socrates hauʻoli e hōʻike ana i ʻelua mau manaʻo hoʻomanaʻo kūʻē: hedonism a me stoicism. ʻO ka Hedonism ka manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ka leʻaleʻa a me ka hauʻoli nā pahuhopu hope loa o ke ola, ʻoiai ʻo ka stoicism ka manaʻoʻiʻo ʻo ka naʻauao a me ka pono nā pahuhopu hope loa. Ua hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻia kēia mau manaʻoʻiʻo ʻelua e ka poʻe akeakamai no nā kenekulia, a he mau ikaika a me nā nāwaliwali o lāua.
The Contented Pig: A Life of Pleasure
ʻO ka noho ʻana i ke ola o kahi puaʻa ʻoluʻolu ʻo ia ka ʻimi ʻana i ka leʻaleʻa a me ka hōʻoluʻolu ma mua o nā mea āpau. Hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻano nohona e ka ʻai, ka inu, a me nā leʻaleʻa ʻē aʻe, a me ka pale ʻana i nā mea e hōʻeha ai i ka ʻeha. ʻO ka puaʻa ʻoluʻolu he hauʻoli a hoʻokō ʻia, akā ʻo ko lākou hauʻoli e wikiwiki a hilinaʻi i nā kumu o waho.
The Unhappy Socrates: A Life of Wisdom
ʻO ka noho ʻana i ke ola o kahi Socrates pōʻino ʻo ia ka ʻimi ʻana i ka naʻauao a me ka ʻike ma mua o nā mea āpau. Hōʻike ʻia kēia nohona e ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana iā ia iho, ka noʻonoʻo ponoʻī, a me ka nānā ʻana i ka ulu pilikino. ʻAʻole hauʻoli ʻo Socrates pōʻino i ke ʻano kuʻuna, akā loaʻa ka hoʻokō i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka naʻauao a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana iā ia iho.
ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o nā Moku'āina Manaʻo
ʻO ka puaʻa ʻoluʻolu a me ka Socrates hauʻoli ʻē aʻe nā ʻano manaʻo like ʻole. Hauʻoli ka puaʻa ʻoluʻolu a māʻona i kēia manawa, akā ʻo ko lākou hauʻoli e wikiwiki a hilinaʻi i nā kumu o waho. ʻO ka Socrates pōʻino, ma kekahiʻaoʻao,ʻaʻole paha e hauʻoli i kēia manawa akā loaʻa ka hoʻokō i kaʻimiʻana i ka naʻauao a me ka ulu pilikino.
Ka Waiwai o ka Hedonism
Loaʻa i ka Hedonism kona mau pono. ʻO ka ʻimi ʻana i ka leʻaleʻa a me ka pale ʻana i ka ʻeha hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi ola leʻaleʻa. Ua hauʻoli a hoʻokō ʻia ka puaʻa ʻoluʻolu i kēia manawa, a ʻike ʻia ko lākou ola e ka leʻaleʻa a me ka hōʻoluʻolu. He waiwai ka leʻaleʻa i nā leʻaleʻa maʻalahi o ke ola a me ka noho ʻana i kēia manawa.
ʻO nā palena o ka Hedonism
He mau palena ko ka Hedonism. ʻO ka ʻimi ʻana i ka leʻaleʻa ma mua o nā mea āpau e hiki ke alakaʻi i kahi ola pāpaʻu a hoʻokō ʻole. Hiki paha i ka puaʻa ʻoluʻolu ke hauʻoli i kēia manawa, akā ʻo ko lākou hauʻoli e wikiwiki a hilinaʻi i nā kumu o waho. ʻAʻole paha lākou e ʻike i nā ʻano hohonu a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke ola e hele mai me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka naʻauao a me ka ulu pilikino.
Na Koina o ka Naauao
ʻO ke ola o ka naʻauao a me ka ulu pilikino e hele mai me kāna mau koina. ʻAʻole hauʻoli ʻo Socrates pōʻino i ke ʻano kuʻuna, a ʻike ʻia ko lākou ola e ka hakakā a me ka hoʻopaʻi ʻana iā ia iho. ʻO ka ʻimi ʻana i ka naʻauao a me ka ulu pilikino e pono ai ka hoʻoikaika a me ka ʻālana, a hiki ke alakaʻi i nā manaʻo o ka huhū a me ka hauʻoli.
Ka Pono o ka Naauao
ʻO ka noho ʻana i ke ola o ka naʻauao a me ka ulu pilikino he mau pōmaikaʻi pū kekahi. Loaʻa ka Socrates pōʻino i ka hoʻokō i ka ʻimi ʻana i ka naʻauao a me ka ulu pilikino, a ua ʻike ʻia ko lākou ola e ke ʻano o ke kumu a me ke ʻano. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i ka hauʻoli a me ka hoʻokō hohonu aʻe ma mua o ka puaʻa ʻoluʻolu.
ʻO ke kuleana o ka lāhui i kā mākou koho
ʻAʻole i hana ʻia ka koho ma waena o ka noho ʻana i ke ola o kahi puaʻa ʻoluʻolu a i ʻole Socrates hauʻoli. He kuleana ko ka ʻAhahui i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ko mākou mau manaʻoʻiʻo a me ko mākou mau waiwai, a ʻo nā koho a mākou e hana ai e hoʻopili ʻia e nā kuʻuna moʻomeheu a me nā manaʻo o ko mākou kaiāulu. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ke kaiāulu e ʻimi i ka leʻaleʻa a pale i ka ʻeha hiki ke paʻakikī ke koho i ke ola o ka naʻauao a me ka ulu pilikino.
Ka hopena: He Hoʻoholo Pilikino
ʻO ka koho ma waena o ka noho ʻana i ke ola o kahi puaʻa ʻoluʻolu a i ʻole Socrates hauʻoli ʻole he mea pilikino. Loaʻa nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā hemahema o nā nohona ʻelua, a ʻo ka hoʻoholo hope e iho i lalo i nā waiwai a me nā manaʻoʻiʻo. ʻOiai hiki i ka hedonism ke alakaʻi i kahi ola ʻoi aku ka leʻaleʻa i kēia manawa, ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana i ka naʻauao a me ka ulu pilikino e alakaʻi i kahi manaʻo hohonu, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hauʻoli a me ka hoʻokō i ka wā lōʻihi.
Heluhelu hou aku
- "Ka Repubalika" na Plato
- "Nā Manaʻo" na Marcus Aurelius
- "Ma mua o ka maikaʻi a me ka hewa" na Friedrich Nietzsche
- "The Concept of Anxiety" na Søren Kierkegaard
- "The Nicomachean Ethics" na Aristotle
