Iihamster zincinci, ziyathandeka, kwaye zihlala zigcinwa njengezilwanyana zasekhaya ngabantu kwihlabathi liphela. Baziwa ngemizimba yabo engqukuva, iidyasi ezimdaka, kunye namanqina amancinci, abenza amaqabane athandekayo kwabaninzi. Kodwa ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba zivela phi ezi zidalwa zincinane zithandekayo? Iyintoni imbali yeehamster, yaye kwenzeka njani ukuba zibe zizilwanyana zasekhaya ezidumileyo? Kolu phononongo lwemvelaphi kunye nokuvela kweehamster, siya kuntywila kwindawo yazo yendalo, imeko yembali, kunye nohambo lwabo ukusuka endle ukuya kumakhaya ethu.
Indawo yokuhlala yeNdalo yeeHamsters
Ukuqonda imvelaphi yeehamster, kubalulekile ukuqala ngendawo yazo yendalo. IiHamsters ziintonga, kwaye uninzi lweentlobo ze-hamster zivela kwimimandla yaseYurophu naseAsia. Ezinye zezona ntlobo ze-hamster ezaziwa kakhulu ziquka i-hamster yaseSiriya, i-hamster yaseRoborovski, i-hamster yaseRashiya encinci, kunye ne-hamster yaseTshayina. Nganye kwezi ntlobo zineempawu zayo ezizodwa, kodwa zabelana ngembali efanayo yendaleko.
IYurophu kunye neAsia: Indawo yokuzalwa kweeHamsters
Kukholelwa ukuba iiHamsters zavela eYurophu naseAsia. I-hamster yaseYurophu (iCricetus cricetus), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-hamster eqhelekileyo, yenye yezona ntlobo ze-hamster ezaziwa kakhulu. Olu hlobo luvela eMpuma Yurophu nakwi-Western Asia. Yeyona inkulu kuzo zonke iintlobo ze-hamster, kwaye i-hamster yayo yokugrumba kunye nokuziphatha kwayo kuqhelekileyo phakathi kwe-hamster.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i<em>hamster yaseSyria ( Mesocricetus auratus ) ivela eSiriya nakwiindawo ezikumantla akwaSirayeli. Olu hlobo luthathwa njengokhokho weehamster ezininzi zezilwanyana ezigcinwe namhlanje. I-hamster yaseSyria yafunyanwa okokuqala ngenkulungwane ye-18 kwaye kamva yaziswa kurhwebo lwezilwanyana zasekhaya.
Indawo yokuhlala kunye nendlela yokuphila
IiHamsters zilungelelaniswe ukuhlala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokuhlala, kubandakanya iintlango, ingca, kunye neendawo zezolimo. Ziyifanele kakuhle indlela yokuphila emigodini, zineengxowa ezikhethekileyo ezidleleni zokuthwala ukutya kunye nemingxuma ebanzi yendawo yokuhlala. IiHamsters ziyaziwa ngendalo yazo yodwa, nto leyo ehambelana neendawo zazo zokuhlala ezihlala zinqabile.
Le mingxuma ayisebenzi nje kuphela njengekhusi kodwa ikwayindawo yokugcina ukutya. IiHamsters ziyaziwa ngokugcina ukutya emingxunyeni yazo, esi sisicwangciso esibalulekileyo sokusinda kwimimandla apho ukutya kunokunqongophala ngamaxesha athile onyaka. Ukuziphatha kwabo bodwa kunye neendawo kunceda ukukhusela iivenkile zabo zokutya kwezinye iihamster.
Ukufunyanwa kweeHamsters
IiHamsters njengoko sizazi namhlanje ngezingabanga zizilwanyana zasekhaya ezidumileyo ukuba bekungengenxa yezinto ezimbalwa eziphambili ezifunyenweyo ngenkulungwane ye-18 neye-19.
Ukudibana Kokuqala Endle
Ukudibana kokuqala okubhaliweyo kunye neehamster endle kuqale ngo-1797 xa isazi ngezilwanyana saseJamani esigama linguGeorge Waterhouse sanikela ingxelo ngobukho bazo eSyria. Iihamster awazibonayo zazingookhokho behamster yaseSyria, eyathi kamva yaba sisilwanyana sasekhaya esidumileyo kunye nesifundo sophando.
Intshayelelo kuRhwebo lwezilwanyana ezifuywayo
Intshayelelo yeHamster yaseSyria kurhwebo lwezilwanyana zasekhaya ibangelwa kokunye okufunyenweyo okubalulekileyo. Ngeminyaka yoo-1930, isazinzulu saseBritani esigama linguGeorge H. Hamster sabamba ezimbalwa zezi mpuku ngoxa sasikuhambo lwaseSiriya. Wababuyisela e-UK waza waqalisa ukubafuya ekuthinjweni. Ngenxa yoko, iintlobo ze-hamster zathiywa ngaye.
I-litter yokuqala yamantshontsho e-hamster azalelwe ekuthinjweni yaba ngumtsalane kwiZoo yaseLondon, kwaye esi siganeko saphawula ukuqala kokuthandwa kwe-hamster yaseSyria njengesilwanyana sasekhaya. Ukusuka apho, zasasazwa kwiindawo ezahlukahlukeneyo zehlabathi, kwaza kwasekwa iinkqubo zokufuya.
Ukuzivelela kweHamster Species
IiHamsters ziye zavela kwizigidi zeminyaka, ziqhelana neemeko ezahlukeneyo kunye nemingeni. Ukuqonda imbali yabo yokuzivelela kunceda ekukhanyiseleni ukwahluka kwabo kunye neempawu ezizodwa.
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo
Intsapho ye-hamster, iCricetidae, ibandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeentlobo, nganye iguqulelwe kwindawo yayo ethile. IiHamsters ziye zahluka zaba ngama-niches ahlukeneyo, okukhokelela kwiintlobo ezininzi ezineempawu ezahlukileyo.
Omnye umzekelo yi-hamster yaseTshayina (iCricetulus griseus). Olu didi luncinci, olukhawulezayo luyaziwa ngokuba namandla amangalisayo okunyuka. Ivela eMntla China naseMongolia kwaye yahluke kakhulu kwi-hamster yaseSyria ngokwembonakalo kunye nokuziphatha.
Olunye uhlobo oluphawulekayo yiRoborovski hamster (Phodopus roborovskii), eyaziwa ngokuba yincinci kunye nesantya. Ezi hamster zincinci zincinci kuzo zonke iintlobo ze-hamster kwaye zizalelwa kwiintlango zaseMongolia naseChina.
Uhlengahlengiso lokusinda
Enye yezinto eziphambili ezabelana ngazo i-hamsters kukukwazi ukugrumba. Olu lungelelaniso lubavumela ukuba benze iitonela ezintsonkothileyo eziphantsi komhlaba kunye namagumbi okhuseleko kumarhamncwa kunye neemeko zemozulu ezinzima. Bakwaxhotyiswe nezingxobo ezizidlele, abazisebenzisela ukugcina nokuphatha ukutya.
Iingxowa ze-hamster ze-cheek ziyindlela ephawulekayo yokuziqhelanisa nobomi babo bokuhambahamba. Banokuqokelela ukutya kwindawo ebanzi baze bakubuyisele emingxunyeni ukuze kugcinwe ngokukhuselekileyo. Ezi zingxobo zinokuzolula ukuya kumaxesha amaninzi ubukhulu bentloko yehamster, nto leyo evumela ukuba zithwale ukutya okuninzi.
Umjikelo woBomi kunye nokuVeliswa
IiHamsters zinobude obufutshane bobomi, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka komnye ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu endle, nangona zinokuphila ixesha elide ekuthinjweni. Zinesantya sokuzala ngokukhawuleza, kwaye iilitha zamantshontsho zizalwa emva kwexesha lokumitha elimalunga neentsuku ezili-16.
Enye inkalo ekhethekileyo yokuvelisa i-hamster kukuba umama nguye yedwa onoxanduva lokunyamekela ulutsha. Amadoda nabafazi abanandima ekukhuliseni abantwana, yaye, enyanisweni, banokuba ndlongondlongo xa behlala kunye. Umama we<em>hamster uncancisa amantshontsho akhe, awagcine efudumele, aze awanike ukutya ade akhule ngokwaneleyo ukuba akwazi ukuziphumela ngokwawo emhadini.
Ukwahluka kwindlela yokuziphatha
IiHamsters zikwabonisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha phakathi kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, i-hamster yaseYurophu iyaziwa ngokuziphatha kwayo kwe-hibernation, engabonakaliyo kwezinye iintlobo ze-hamster. Iihamster zaseYurophu zomba imingxuma enzulu zize zilale ebusika kangangeenyanga eziliqela ebusika, zixhomekeke kugcino lokutya kwazo.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, i-hamster yaseSyria ayihlali kwaye isebenza unyaka wonke. Ikwaye yodwa ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo ezinokunyamezela ukuhlala kumaqela amancinci.
Hamsters njengezilwanyana zasekhaya
Ukuthandwa kweehamster njengezilwanyana zasekhaya kunokulandwa emva kwintshayelelo yehamster yaseSyria kurhwebo lwezilwanyana zasekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, uhambo lwabo olusuka endle ukuya kumakhaya ethu kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo eziye zanegalelo ekurhwebeni kwezilwanyana zasekhaya libali elinomdla.
I-Hamster yaseSiriya njenge-First Pet Hamster
I<em>hamster yaseSyria, enesimo sayo esithambileyo kunye nenkangeleko enomtsalane, yakhawuleza yazuza iintliziyo zabathandi bezilwanyana zasekhaya. Intshayelelo yayo kurhwebo lwezilwanyana zasekhaya ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20 yaphawula ukuqala kweehamster njengezilwanyana zasekhaya.
Iihamster zaseSyria ziza kuluhlu lwemibala kunye neepateni, ezibangela ukuba zibe nomtsalane kubantu bayo yonke iminyaka. Ubungakanani babo obuncinci kunye neemfuno zokhathalelo olulawulekayo ziye zanegalelo ekudumeni kwazo.
Ukuzala kunye nokwahluka koMbala
Njengoko i-hamster yaye yaduma ngakumbi njengezilwanyana zasekhaya, iinzame zokuzala ezikhethiweyo zakhokelela kuphuhliso lwemibala eyahlukeneyo kunye neepateni zedyasi. Phakathi kwezona zixhaphakileyo yi-hamster yegolide, enengubo yegolide-ebomvu, kunye neenwele ezinde okanye i-teddy bear hamster, eyaziwayo ngokubonakala kwayo.
Ukufumaneka kwemibala eyahlukeneyo kunye neepateni kwenza ukuba i-hamster ibe nomtsalane ngakumbi kubanini bezilwanyana ezifuywayo abathanda ukuba neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhetha.
Iinkxalabo zokuziphatha ekuzaleni
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukuzala okubanzi kunye nokusukela imibala yedyasi eyodwa kuye kwaphakamisa inkxalabo yokuziphatha. Izenzo zokuzala ezibeka phambili i-aesthetics phezu kwempilo kunye nentlalontle yezilwanyana ziye zakhokelela kwimiba eyahlukeneyo yempilo yemfuza kwii-hamsters zezilwanyana. Oku kuquka iimeko ezifana nokutyeba, isifo seswekile, kunye neengxaki zamazinyo. Iinzame zokuziphatha zokuziphatha zijolise ekujonganeni nale miba kunye nokukhuthaza impilo kunye nentlalontle yeehamster.
Unonophelo Nenkxaso
IiHamsters zenza izilwanyana ezibalaseleyo kwabo bakulungeleyo ukubabonelela ngokhathalelo kunye nengqalelo abayidingayo. Iindawo ezivaliweyo zabo kufuneka zilinganise indawo yazo yendalo, zibanike indawo yokugrumba nokuhlola. Umandlalo ofanelekileyo, ukutya, kunye nokufikelela kumanzi acocekileyo kubalulekile ukuze baphile kakuhle.
Ukuphatha i-hamster ngobunono kwaye rhoqo kunokubanceda ukuba baqhelane ngakumbi nentsebenziswano yabantu. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-hamsters ihlala isebenza ngakumbi ebusuku, oku kuthetha ukuba ayinakuba yisilwanyana esifanelekileyo kwabo bakhetha ubuqabane bemini.
Imicelimngeni kuBunini bezilwanyana zasekhaya
Ukuba ne-hamster yesilwanyana kuza kunye nemingeni yayo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele le mingeni ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo sokuzisa i-hamster ekhaya lakho. Eminye imiba eqhelekileyo abajongene nayo abanini-hamster ibandakanya:
- Indalo Yedwa: Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, ezininzi iintlobo ze-hamster zihlala zodwa, kwaye zinokuthi zibe noxinzelelo okanye zihlasele xa zihlala kunye nezinye i-hamster.
- Ubomi obufutshane: IiHamsters zinexesha elifutshane lokuphila, elinokuba ngumngeni ngokwasemphefumlweni kubanini bazo.
- Umsebenzi Wasebusuku: Iihamster zidla ngokusebenza kakhulu ebusuku, nto leyo enokuphazamisa abanye abanini.
- Iingxaki zezeMpilo: IiHamsters zichaphazeleka kwimicimbi eyahlukeneyo yezempilo, kwaye ubungakanani bazo obuncinci bunokwenza kube nzima ukhathalelo lwezilwanyana.
- Escape Artists: IiHamsters ziyaziwa ngokukwazi ukuphunyuka kwiikheji okanye kwiindawo ezivaliweyo ukuba azikhuselwanga ngokufanelekileyo.
IiHamsters kuPhando lwezeNzululwazi
Ngaphandle kokuba zizilwanyana zasekhaya ezidumileyo, iihamster nazo zidlale indima ebalulekileyo kuphando lwezenzululwazi. Ukusetyenziswa kwabo kwiilabhoratri kunikeze ukuqonda okuxabisekileyo kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zebhayoloji kunye neyeza.
Ivili leHamster loPhando lwezoNyango
I-Hamsters ibe luncedo kwizifundo ezinxulumene nokuzala, i-genetics, kunye nezingqisho ze-circadian. Ezi mpuku zincinci zibe negalelo ekuqondeni kwethu inkqubo yokuzala eyanyisayo kunye nefuthe lezinto ezahlukeneyo ekuchumeni. Ngokomzekelo, i-hamsters isetyenziswe kuphando malunga ne-hormonal contraceptive kunye nefuthe labo ekuzaleni.
Ukongeza kuphando lokuzala, i-hamsters ibalulekile ekufundeni iziphumo zesigqi se-circadian kwimpilo yabantu. Indlela abaziphatha ngayo ebusuku ibenza babe yimixholo efanelekileyo yokufunda iwotshi yangaphakathi yomzimba nendlela ekuchaphazela ngayo ukulala, ukuhlala uphaphile nokuphila kakuhle.
IiHamsters kunye noPhando lweZifo
IiHamsters ziye zasetyenziswa njengemizekelo yokufunda izifo ezosulelayo. Ziyakwazi ukufumana iintsholongwane ezithile kunye neebhaktheriya, nto leyo ezenza zilungele ukuphanda izifo ezichaphazela abantu. Ngokomzekelo, i-hamster yaseSiriya iqeshwe kuphando malunga nokudluliselwa kunye nokunyangwa kwezifo ezifana ne-herpes simplex kunye ne-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
Ubungakanani bazo obukhulu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iimpuku bubenza kube lula ukusebenza nabo kwiindawo zaselabhoratri. Lo bukhulu bunenzuzo ekuqhubeni iimvavanyo, ngakumbi ezo zibandakanya ukulawulwa kweziyobisi okanye ukubeka iliso kwiinguqu zomzimba.
Hamsters kwinkcubeko edumileyo
IiHamsters ziye zenza indlela yazo kwinkcubeko eyaziwayo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiincwadi kunye neekhathuni ukuya kwiintengiso kunye neememes. Ezi mpuku zincinci ziye zaba ziisimboli kunye nabalinganiswa kwiindlela ezininzi zemidiya.
IiHamsters kuNcwadi kunye neeKhathuni
Enye yeehamster zentsomi ezidumileyo ngu "Hamtaro," umlinganiswa ovela kuthotho lweencwadi zabantwana zaseJapan ezathi kamva zatshintshwa zibe yi-anime kunye nemidlalo yevidiyo. UHamtaro waziwa ngohambo lwakhe kunye nabahlobo bakhe be-hamster, kwaye uchungechunge luye lwaziwa ngokubanzi, ngakumbi phakathi kwabantwana.
Kuncwadi, ii-hamster ziye zavezwa ngamanye amaxesha kwiincwadi zabantwana, zongeza umtsalane wazo kunye nomtsalane. Ubume babo obuhle nobunokunxulumana bubenza babe zizifundo ezigqwesileyo kumabali abantwana kunye nemifanekiso.
Hamsters kwiNtengiso
IiHamsters ziye zasetyenziselwa intengiso ukukhuthaza iimveliso ezahlukeneyo. Omnye umzekelo ophawulekayo lurhwebo lweKia Soul oluneqela leehamster zehip-hop eziqhuba esixekweni, ziphakamisa isitayile soyilo lwemoto kunye noyilo olulodwa.
Ukusetyenziswa kwee-hamster kwintengiso kuxhamla kwisibheno sabo kunye nokuthandeka, okwenza kube sisixhobo esisebenzayo sokuthengisa.
IiMemes kunye neNkcubeko ye-Intanethi
Kwiminyaka ye-intanethi, i-hamsters yenze indlela yabo kwi-memes kunye nenkcubeko ye-intanethi. Mhlawumbi enye yezona hamster zaziwayo ze-intanethi yi "Pizzarat," eyafumana udumo ngokuphatha i-pizza kwi-subway yeSixeko saseNew York. Ezi zihlandlo zentsholongwane zibonisa ukuziphatha okungalindelekanga kunye nokuthandeka kwee-hamsters kwimimiselo yemihla ngemihla.
Ikamva leHamsters
Njengeentlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana, i-hamster ijongene nemingeni kwihlabathi lanamhlanje, kuquka ukulahleka kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nefuthe lemisebenzi yabantu. Kubalulekile ukuqwalasela intlalontle yeehamster endle nasekuthinjweni njengoko sisiya phambili.
Iinzame zoLondolozo
I-hamster yaseYurophu, ngokukodwa, ijongene nokuncipha kwabemi ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala kunye nezenzo zezolimo. Iinzame ziyenziwa ukulondoloza esi sityalo kunye nendawo ezihlala kuyo. Imibutho yolondolozo isebenzela ukukhusela imingxuma yehamster yaseYurophu kwaye iseke iindawo zokugcina apho inokukhula khona.
Ukongeza kwi-hamster yasendle, intlalontle yeehamster zezilwanyana zikwangumcimbi oxhalabisayo. Iindlela zokuziphatha ezisesikweni zokufuya kunye nobunini bezilwanyana zasekhaya obunenkathalo zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni impilo-ntle yezi zilwanyana zasekhaya zithandekayo.
Imfundo kunye noKwazisa
Ukuphakamisa ulwazi malunga neehamster kunye nembali yazo yendalo kubalulekile kulondolozo lwabo kunye nentlalontle. Ukukhuthaza ubunini besilwanyana sasekhaya esinenkathalo, ukhathalelo olufanelekileyo, kunye neendlela ezisesikweni zokuzalanisa kunokufak’ isandla kwimpilo nakulonwabo lwezi zilwanyana zincinane.
Iinkqubo zemfundo kunye namanyathelo anokunceda abantu baqonde ngcono iihamster, iimfuno zabo, kunye nendima yabo kwi-ecosystem. Olu lwazi lunokukhuthaza uxabiso olungakumbi ngezi mpuku zonwabileyo.
isiphelo
I-Hamsters, enemvelaphi yayo eYurophu nase-Asia, iye yavela kwiqela leentlobo ezahlukeneyo, nganye ilungelelaniswe kwindawo yayo ekhethekileyo. Intshayelelo yabo kurhwebo lwezilwanyana zasekhaya, ngakumbi ihamster yaseSyria, yaphawula isiqalo sokuthandwa kwabo njengezilwanyana zasekhaya. Baye banegalelo kuphando lwenzululwazi, bedlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqondeni ukuzala, ufuzo, kunye nezingqisho ze-circadian.
IiHamsters nazo zifumene indlela yazo kwinkcubeko edumileyo, zivela kuncwadi, kwiikhathuni, kwiintengiso, nakwi-intanethi. Isibongozo sawo sisaqhubeka sithimba abantu babo bonke ubudala.
Njengoko sijonge kwikamva, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela intlalontle yeehamster endle nasekuthinjweni. Iinzame zolondolozo, ubunini bezilwanyana zasekhaya ngenkathalo, kunye nemfundo zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ezi mpuku zithandekayo ziyakhula kwaye zixatyiswa kwizizukulwana ezizayo. I-Hamsters, enemvelaphi ethobekileyo kunye nomtsalane owonwabisayo, ngokwenene bubungqina bokusebenzisana okuthakazelisayo phakathi kwendalo kunye nenkcubeko yabantu.
