Nhanganyaya: Mubvunzo Wekare
Mubvunzo wekuti zviri nani here kurarama hupenyu hwekugutsikana kana hupenyu hweuchenjeri hwave huchipokana kwemazana emakore. Ungada here kuva nguruve inogutsikana, kurarama upenyu hwomufarwa nenyaradzo, kana kuti Socrates asingafari, kurarama upenyu hwouchenjeri nezivo? Mubvunzo uyu hauna kujeka sezvaungaita, sezvo mararamiro ose ane mabhenefiti uye zvipingamupinyi.
Ngano yeMafirosofi maviri
Nharo pakati penguruve inogutsikana naSocrates isingafari inomiririra zvitendero zviviri zvehuzivi zvinopikisana: hedonism uye stoicism. Hedonism kutenda kuti mafaro uye mufaro ndizvo zvinangwa zvekupedzisira muhupenyu, nepo stoicism iko kutenda kuti huchenjeri uye kunaka ndizvo zvinonyanya zvinangwa. Zvitendero zviviri izvi zvakakakavadzana nevazivi kwemazana emakore, uye zvose zvine simba razvo uye utera.
Nguruve Yakaguta: Hupenyu Hwekunakidzwa
Kurarama hupenyu hwenguruve inogutsikana kunoreva kutsvaga mafaro nekunyaradza kupfuura zvese. Mararamiro aya anoratidzwa nekufarira kudya, kunwa, uye zvimwe zvinofadza, uye kudzivisa chero chinhu chinokonzera kusagadzikana kana kurwadziwa. Nguruve inogutsikana inofara uye inozadzikiswa, asi mufaro wavo unopera uye unobva pane zvekunze.
Vasingafari Socrates: Hupenyu Huchenjeri
Kurarama hupenyu hwaSocrates asingafari kunoreva kutsvaga huchenjeri uye ruzivo kupfuura zvimwe zvese. Hupenyu uhu hunoratidzwa nekuzvibata, kuzvidzora, uye kutarisa pakukura kwako. Socrates asingafari haafari mupfungwa yechinyakare, asi anowana kuzadzika mukutsvaga huchenjeri uye kuvandudzwa kwako.
Kukosha kweEmotional States
Vose nguruve inogutsikana uye Socrates asingafari ane zvimiro zvepfungwa zvakasiyana. Nguruve inogutsikana inofara uye inogutsikana panguva ino, asi mufaro wavo unopera uye unoenderana nekunze kwezvinhu. Socrates asingafari, kune rumwe rutivi, angave asingafari panguva iyoyo asi anowana kuzadzika mukutsvaka uchenjeri uye kukura kwomunhu.
Kukosha kweHedonism
Hedonism ine zvikomborero zvayo. Kutsvaka mafaro uye kudzivisa kurwadziwa kunogona kutungamirira kuupenyu hunofadza zvikuru. Nguruve yakagutsikana inofara uye inozadzikiswa munguva ino, uye hupenyu hwavo hunoratidzirwa nekunakidzwa nekunyaradza. Kune ukoshi mukunakidzwa nemafaro ari nyore muupenyu uye kurarama munguva ino.
Izvo zvinogumira zveHedonism
Hedonism inewo miganhu yayo. Kutsvaka mafaro kupfuura zvimwe zvinhu zvose kunogona kutungamirira kuupenyu husina kudzika uye husingagutsikani. Nguruve inogutsikana inogona kufara panguva ino, asi mufaro wavo unopera uye unoenderana nekunze kwezvinhu. Ivo vangasatongowana zvakadzika, zvine revo zvikuru zvoupenyu zvinouya nokuronda uchenjeri uye kukura kwomunhu oga.
Mutengo Wouchenjeri
Kurarama hupenyu hwehuchenjeri uye kukura kwako pachako kunouya nemari dzayo. Vasingafari Socrates vangasafara mupfungwa yechinyakare, uye upenyu hwavo hungave huchiratidzirwa nokurwa uye kuzvidzora. Kuronda uchenjeri nokukura kwomunhu oga kunoda nhamburiko nokuzvipira, uye kungatungamirira kukunzwa kwokukangaidzika nokusagutsikana.
Zvakanakira Uchenjeri
Kurarama upenyu hwouchenjeri uye kukura kwomunhu kunewo zvakunobatsira. Socrates asingafari anowana kuzadzika mukutsvaga uchenjeri uye kukura kwega, uye hupenyu hwavo hunoratidzirwa nepfungwa yechinangwa uye zvinoreva. Vanogona kuwana pfungwa yakadzama, ine revo yemufaro uye kugutsikana kupfuura nguruve inogutsikana.
Basa reSosaiti muSarudzo Dzedu
Sarudzo pakati pekurarama hupenyu hwenguruve inogutsikana kana Socrates isingafadzi haiitwe pasina. Sosaiti ine basa mukuumba zvatinotenda netsika dzedu, uye sarudzo dzatinoita dzinokonzerwa netsika nemagariro uye zvinotarisirwa munharaunda yedu. Dzvinyiriro yenzanga yokutsvaka mafaro uye kudzivisa marwadzo inogona kuita kuti kuve kwakaoma kusarudza upenyu hwouchenjeri uye kukura kwomunhu.
Mhedziso: Sarudzo Yega
Chisarudzo pakati pekurarama hupenyu hwenguruve inogutsikana kana Socrates isingafadzi ndeyemunhu oga. Mararamiro ese ari maviri ane zvaakanakira nezvaanokanganisa, uye sarudzo inozopedzisira yadzika kune hunhu hwemunhu uye zvitendero. Kunyange zvazvo hedonism inogona kutungamirira kuhupenyu hunofadza zvikuru panguva ino, kutsvaga uchenjeri uye kukura kwemunhu kunogona kutungamirira kune pfungwa yakadzika, ine chinangwa chemufaro uye kuzadzika munguva refu.
References uye Kuwedzera Kuverenga
- "Republic" naPlato
- "Kufungisisa" naMarcus Aurelius
- "Kupfuura Zvakanaka uye Zvakaipa" naFriedrich Nietzsche
- "Pfungwa yeKuzvidya Mwoyo" naSøren Kierkegaard
- "The Nicomachean Ethics" naAristotle
