Nhanganyaya: Anatomy yeKamba
Kamba zvisikwa zvinofadza, zvinozivikanwa nemateko akaoma uye zvishoma nezvishoma kufamba. Ivo ndevekurongeka Testudines, iyo inosanganisira turtles uye terrapins. Kamba dzine chimiro chakasiyana chinodzisiyanisa nedzimwe mhuka. Mitumbi yavo yakavharwa muhombodo yekudzivirira, iyo ine zvikamu zviviri: carapace (yepamusoro shell) uye plastron (yakaderera shell). Iyo goko rakagadzirwa nebhoni ndiro, rakafukidzwa nekeratinous scutes.
Kukosha Kwemusana muMhuka
Iyo musana, kana vertebral column, chikamu chakakosha chechimiro chemhuka zhinji. Inopa tsigiro yemuviri, inodzivirira musana, uye inobvumira kufamba. Musana unoumbwa nemutsara wemapfupa madiki anonzi vertebrae, ayo anoparadzaniswa ne intervertebral discs. Iyo vertebrae yakabatana nemarunda uye tsandanyama, izvo zvinobvumira kushanduka uye kufamba.
Hunhu hweBasa
Musana ndiyo inotsanangudza zvisikwa zvine vertebrates, kana mhuka dzine musana. Pamusoro pekupa tsigiro nedziviriro, inoshandawo senzvimbo yekunamatira yemhasuru uye nhengo. Musana wakakamurwa kuita matunhu mashanu: cervical (mutsipa), thoracic (chipfuva), lumbar (yezasi musana), sacral (pelvic), uye caudal (muswe). Nhamba ye vertebrae munharaunda imwe neimwe inosiyana pakati pemarudzi, zvichienderana nehukuru hwavo uye chimiro.
Mhando dzeMhuka dzine musana
Mhuka zhinji dzine musana dzine vertebrates, dzinosanganisira hove, amphibians, zvinokambaira, shiri, uye mhuka dzinoyamwisa. Iyo musana ndiyo inotsanangura hunhu hweboka iri, uye inovasiyanisa kubva kune invertebrates, iyo isina musana wepinini.
Ko Kamba Ane Musana?
Hongu, kamba dzine musana. Inowanikwa mukati megoko ravo, uye inoumbwa nenhevedzano yeakasanganiswa vertebrae. Musana unopa tsigiro kumuviri wekamba, uye unoibvumira kutamisa mitezo nemusoro. Nekudaro, chimiro uye chimiro cheiyo vertebrae zvakasiyana neaya edzimwe mhuka, nekuda kwezvakasiyana zvinodiwa zvegoko ravo.
Skeletal System yeKamba
Mapfupa ekamba anochinjirwa kuti aenderane nezvinodiwa nekugara mukati megoko. Mapfupa anosanganiswa pamwe chete, uye anosimbiswa ne calcium deposits. Mbabvu dzakarebesa, uye dzinoita chikamu chegoko. Mabhonzo epelvic anosanganiswa kugoko, achipa nzvimbo yakasimba yekunamatira kumakumbo eshure.
Basa reCarapace muKamba
Iyo carapace yekamba chikamu chakakosha chechimiro chayo, chinoshanda sechidziviriro pazvikara uye njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza. Inoumbwa nebhoni ndiro, yakafukidzwa nekeratinous scutes. Iyo scutes inodururwa nguva nenguva, ichibvumira kukura nekugadzirisa.
Kushanduka kweKamba Skeletal Structure
Iyo yakasarudzika anatomy ye skeleton yekamba mhedzisiro yemamiriyoni emakore ekushanduka-shanduka. Makamba ekutanga akaonekwa anopfuura mamirioni mazana maviri emakore apfuura, uye kubva ipapo akachinjira kune dzakasiyana siyana nharaunda nemararamiro. Goko rave chinhu chinotsanangudza cheboka, richipa huwandu hwezvibatsiro uye matambudziko kune vagari varo.
Mafambiro anoita Kamba Pasina Musana
Kamba dzinokwanisa kufamba zvisinei nedziviriro dzakaiswa negoko radzo. Vanoshandisa makumbo avo ane simba kuzvisundira mberi, uku mitsipa yavo nemusoro zvichitambanuka nekudzokera shure. Muswe unoshandiswa pakuenzanisa uye kugadzikana. Kushaikwa kwemusana unochinjika zvinoreva kuti kamba hadzikwanisi kufamba nekukasika kana kuita shanduko kamwe kamwe munzira.
Zvimwe Zvinotsanangura Hunhu hweKamba
Kuwedzera kune goko radzo nemusana, kamba dzine zvimwe zvinoverengeka zvakasiyana. Imhuka dzinodya ura, uye dzine shaya nemazino akakosha ekukuya miti yakaoma. Ivo zvakare vane ropa rinotonhora, uye vanovimba nekunze kwekunze kwekupisa kuti vagadzirise tembiricha yavo.
Mhedziso: Tortoise uye Anatomy yavo
Kamba zvisikwa zvinofadza, zvine chimiro chakasiyana chinodzisiyanisa nedzimwe mhuka. Musana wavo chikamu chakakosha chechimiro chavo, chinopa rutsigiro uye kubvumira kufamba. Nekudaro, chimiro uye chimiro che vertebrae yavo yakagadziridzwa kune zvinodiwa zvekugara mukati megoko. Kunzwisisa anatomy yekamba kunogona kupa ruzivo mukushanduka kwavo uye ecology.
References uye Kuwedzera Kuverenga
- "Kamba." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., n.d. Web. 03 Sept. 2021.
- "Kamba Anatomy." Online Zoologists, 2021, onlinezoologists.com/tortoise-anatomy.
- "Ko Kamba Chii?" San Diego Zoo Global Mhuka neZvirimwa, 2021, mhuka.sandiegozoo.org/animals/tortoise.
