Chiyambi: Chalaza Wodabwitsa
Kwa anthu ambiri, chalaza cha dzira chimakhalabe chinsinsi. Ndikapangidwe kakang'ono, konga chingwe komwe kamatha kuwonedwa pothyola dzira, koma cholinga chake ndi chiyani? Chalaza chingaoneke ngati chopanda pake, koma chimakhala ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri pakukula ndi chitetezo cha mluza m’kati mwa dzira. M’nkhaniyi, tiona mmene dzira la dzira limagwirira ntchito komanso ntchito ya chalaza.
Chalaza cha Dzira ndi chiyani?
Chalaza ndi chingwe chozungulira chozungulira, chokhala ndi albumin chomwe chimamangirira yolk ku nembanemba ya chigoba kumbali zonse ziwiri. Zimakhala mbali zotsutsana za dzira, ndipo zimatha kuwonedwa ngati zingwe ziwiri zoyera, zomangika pamene mukusweka dzira. Chalaza sichiyenera kusokonezedwa ndi germinal disc, yomwe ili pa yolk ndipo ndi pamene umuna umapezeka.
Chalaza amapangidwa pakupanga dzira mu njira yoberekera ya nkhuku. Pamene yolk imayenda pansi pa oviduct, zigawo za albumen zimawonjezeredwa mozungulira. Chalaza chimapangika chifukwa cha kupindika ndi kupindika kwa albumen panthawiyi. Dzira likamaikira, chalaza chimangirira yolk pamalo ake ndikuletsa kusuntha kwambiri mkati mwa dzira.
Kumvetsetsa Anatomy ya Dzira
Kuti timvetsetse bwino ntchito ya chalaza, mpofunika kukhala ndi chidziwitso chambiri cha kaumbidwe ka dzira. Dzira limakhala ndi zigawo zingapo, kuyambira kunja ndikuyenda mkati: chipolopolo, chipolopolo, cell cell, albumen (kapena white dzira), chalaza, yolk. Zigawo zimenezi zimateteza ndi kudyetsa mluza umene ukukula m’dzira.
Chigobacho chimapangidwa ndi calcium carbonate ndipo chimateteza chitetezo ku kuwonongeka kwa thupi ndi mabakiteriya. Nembanemba ya chipolopolo ndi yopyapyala yomwe imakhala pakati pa chipolopolo ndi albumen, ndipo imathandiza kuti dzira lisaume. Selo la mpweya lili m'munsi mwa dzira ndipo limakula pamene dzira likukalamba. Albumenyi imapereka gwero la madzi, mapuloteni, ndi zakudya zina za mwana wosabadwayo, pamene yolk imakhala ndi mafuta, mavitamini, ndi mchere zomwe zilinso zofunika kuti zikule.
Kodi Ntchito Ya Chalaza Ndi Chiyani?
Chalaza ili ndi ntchito zingapo zofunika pa chitukuko ndi chitetezo cha mluza mkati mwa dzira. Imodzi mwa ntchito zake zazikulu ndikusunga yolk pamalo ake ndikuletsa kusuntha kwambiri mkati mwa dzira. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa yolk imakhala ndi zakudya zonse zomwe mwana wosabadwayo amafunikira, ndipo kuyenda kwambiri kumatha kuwononga yolk kapena kusokoneza kukula kwa mluza.
Chalaza imathandizanso kuyika mluza pomwe majeremusi akuyang'ana mmwamba. Izi ndi zofunika chifukwa zimathandiza kuti mwana wosabadwayo alandire mpweya wochokera ku selo ya mpweya ndipo zimathandiza kuti yolk isamamatire ku nembanemba ya chipolopolo. Kuonjezera apo, chalaza imagwira ntchito ngati chinthu chodzidzimutsa, kuteteza mwana wosabadwayo kuti asagwedezeke mwadzidzidzi kapena kukhudzidwa komwe kungachitike panthawi yoyendetsa kapena kunyamula.
Udindo wa Chalaza pa Feteleza
Ngakhale kuti chalaza sichimakhudzidwa mwachindunji ndi ubwamuna, chikhoza kutengapo gawo pozindikira jenda la mwanapiye amene adzaswa dzira. Chidutswa cha majeremusi, chomwe chili pa yolk, chimakhala ndi chibadwa chomwe chidzazindikiritse jenda la mwanapiye. Ngati dzira lazunguliridwa poikira, chalaza imatha kupangitsa kuti majeremusi asunthike, zomwe zingakhudze jenda la mwanapiye amene akukulirakulira.
Momwe Chalaza Chimasungitsira Kamwana Kamwanako
Chalaza sichimangothandiza kuti yolk ikhale bwino, komanso imateteza mwana wosabadwayo kuti asawonongeke. Mwachitsanzo, ngati dzira lagwetsedwa kapena kugundidwa, chalaza imagwira ntchito ngati chinthu chododometsa, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya mwana wosabadwayo. Kuonjezera apo, chalaza amathandiza kuti mabakiteriya asalowe m'dzira, omwe amatha kuvulaza mwana wosabadwayo kapena kuwonongeka.
Transfer Nutrient through the Chalaza
Chalaza sichimangirira yolk pamalo ake, komanso imagwira ntchito ngati njira yopititsira zakudya ku mwana wosabadwayo. Pamene albumen imawonjezeredwa kuzungulira yolk, zakudya monga mapuloteni, mchere, ndi madzi zimawonjezeredwa. Zakudya zimenezi zimatengedwa kupita ku mluza umene ukukula kudzera mu chalaza.
Chalaza ngati Chizindikiro cha Ubwino wa Mazira
Kukhalapo kwa chalaza chopangidwa bwino kungakhale chizindikiro cha khalidwe la dzira. Chalaza yopangidwa bwino imasonyeza kuti dzira linaikira ndi nkhuku yathanzi komanso kuti yolkyo yakhazikika bwino ndi yokhazikika. Mazira omwe ali ndi chalaza osatha amakhalanso ndi nthawi yayitali, chifukwa sangawonongeke kapena kuipitsidwa panthawi yoyendetsa ndi kusunga.
Kufunika kwa Chalaza mu Culinary Arts
Ngakhale kuti chalaza nthawi zambiri amachotsedwa pophika ndi mazira, amatha kukhala ndi zotsatira pa mankhwala omaliza. Mwachitsanzo, kukhalapo kwa chalaza chooneka m’mazira oponderezedwa kungasonyeze kuti dziralo n’latsopano, chifukwa chala chimakonda kusweka pakapita nthawi.
Momwe Mungagwirire Mazira Moyenera ndi Chalaza Yosatha
Mazira okhala ndi chalaza osalimba ayenera kusamaliridwa mosamala kuti apewe kuwonongeka kwa mluza kapena yolk. Pothyola dzira, chalaza ayenera kuchotsedwa pamodzi ndi albumen. Chalazacho chikasiyidwa, chimapangitsa kuti dzira loyera likhale loyera pokwapulidwa kapena kumenyedwa.
Kutsiliza: Kuyamikira Chalaza
Ngakhale kuti chalaza chingaoneke ngati kachigawo kakang’ono komanso kosafunika kwenikweni ka dzira, kamakhala ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri pa chitukuko ndi chitetezo cha mluza m’kati mwa dzira. Kumvetsa mmene dzira la dzira limagwirira ntchito kungatithandize kuzindikira kucholowana ndi kukongola kwa chilengedwe. Kaya amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzochita zophikira kapena ngati chizindikiro cha khalidwe la dzira, chalaza ndi gawo laling'ono koma lofunika kwambiri la dzira lomwe siliyenera kunyalanyazidwa.
Maumboni ndi Kuwerenga Mowonjezereka
- American Egg Board. (2021). Egg-cyclopedia: Chalaza. https://www.incredibleegg.org/egg-cyclopedia/c/chalaza/
- Kosin, IL, & Kosin, VI (2016). Kapangidwe ndi tanthauzo la chalaza m'mazira a mbalame: Ndemanga. Nkhuku Sayansi, 95(12), 2808-2816. https://doi.org/10.3382/ps/pew224
- Yunivesite ya Illinois Extension. (ndi). Dzira Lodabwitsa: Anatomy of Egg. https://web.extension.illinois.edu/eggs/res07-anatomy.html
