Nhanganyaya: Chii chinonzi Iron Horse?
Izwi rekuti "Iron Horse" rinoreva chitsigiro chemhepo, rudzi rwekutanga rwekutakura njanji inofambiswa nemainjini emhepo. Chitima chacho chakatumidzwa zita remhuka ine simba uye huru, bhiza, iro rakatsiva senzira huru yokufambisa muzana remakore rechi19. Iron Horse yakashandura indasitiri yezvekufambisa, ichiita kuti kufamba kukurumidze, kuve kwakanyatsoshanda, uye kwakavimbika.
Kwakabva Bhiza Resimbi
Mabviro eiyo steam locomotive yakadzokera kumashure kwekutanga kwezana ramakore rechi 18 apo Thomas Newcomen akagadzira yekutanga injini yekupomba mvura kubva mumigodhi. Kwakanga kusati kuri kutozosvikira muzana ramakore rechi 19 apo injini dzechitsinga dzakagadziridzwa nokuda kwokufambisa. Chitima chekutanga chinofambiswa nemhepo chinofambiswa nemhepo chakagadzirwa naRichard Trevithick muna 1804. Zvisinei, pakanga pasati pave kutozosvikira kugadzirwa kweinjini inotsikirira zvikuru yakaitwa naGeorge Stephenson muna 1814 apo chitima chacho chakava nzira inoshanda yokufambisa.
Yekutanga Steam-Powered Locomotives
Zvitima zvekutanga zvine simba rehutsi zvakagadzirirwa kutakura marasha kubva mumigodhi muEngland. Chitima chakatanga kutakura vanhu chakanga chiri “Puffing Billy,” chaishanda panjanji yeWylam Colliery muNorthumberland, England, muna 1813. Chitima chacho chaimhanya zvikuru makiromita mashanu paawa uye chaigona kutakura vanhu vanosvika gumi. Chitima chekutanga chinofambiswa nemhepo chinofambiswa neutsi chaibudirira mune zvokutengeserana chakanga chiri “Roketi,” rakagadzirwa naGeorge Stephenson muna 10. Yakanga ine sipidhi yepamusoro yemamaira 1829 paawa uye yakashandiswa paLiverpool neManchester Railway.
Kuvandudzwa kweIron Horse muEurope
Kuvandudzwa kweIron Horse muEurope kwakatanga mukutanga kwezana ramakore rechi 19 uye kwakakurumidza kupararira mukondinendi yose. Pakazosvika pakati pezana ramakore rechi 19, njanji yakanga yava nzira huru yekufambisa yevose vari vaviri vafambi uye zvinhu. Kuvakwa kwenjanji muEurope kwakaparirwa nekukura kwemaindasitiri, kukura kwemaguta, uye kudiwa kwezvokufambisa zvinokurumidza uye zvinobudirira.
Kukwira Kwenjanji muUnited States
Iron Horse yakave nemhedzisiro yakakura pabudiriro yeUnited States. Njanji dzakabvumira nyika kuti iwedzere kumadokero, ichibatanidza nharaunda dziri dzoga uye kuvhura misika mitsva yezvinhu nemasevhisi. Njanji yekutanga yenjanji muUnited States yakanga iri Baltimore neOhio Railroad, iyo yakatanga kushanda muna 1828. Pakupera kwezana ramakore rechi 19, United States yakanga iine network hurusa yenjanji munyika yose, iine anopfuura mamaira 200,000 XNUMX enjanji.
Mhedzisiro yeBhiza reSimbi pakutakura
Iron Horse yakashandura zvifambiso, ichiita kuti kufamba kukurumidze, kuve kwakanyatsoshanda, uye kwakavimbika. Njanji dzaibvumira vanhu nezvinhu kufamba kure uye nekukurumidza kupfuura nakare kose. Iron Horse yakaitawo kuti zvekufambisa zvidhure, zvichiita kuti vanhu nevemabhizimisi vatakure zvinhu nevanhu nemutengo wakaderera.
The Economic and Social Effects of Railroads
Kugadzirwa kwenjanji kwakakanganisa zvikuru hupfumi uye nzanga. Nzira dzenjanji dzakagadzira mabasa, dzakakurudzira kukura kweupfumi, uye dzakafambisa kufamba kwezvinhu nevanhu munyika yose. Njanji dzakaitawo kuti kukura kwenzvimbo dzemumaguta, sezvo vanhu vaikwanisa kufamba kuenda kure uye nekukurumidza kuti vawane basa nemukana.
Iron Horse in Popular Culture
Iron Horse yanga iri nyaya yakakurumbira mumabhuku, firimu, uye mimhanzi. Yakave yakaitwa yerudo sechiratidzo cherusununguko, rwendo, uye kufambira mberi. Iron Horse yakave yakabatana neAmerican West, uko yakaita basa rakakosha mukuwedzera kwemuganhu.
Tekinoroji Innovations muLocomotive Design
Dhizaini yemarori emhepo yakaramba ichishanduka mukati me19th uye kutanga kwe20th century. Kuvandudzwa kwekugadzirwa kwelocomotive kwaisanganisira kugadzirwa kwemaboiler mahombe, injini dzinoshanda zvakanaka, uye kushandiswa kwesimbi pachinzvimbo chesimbi mukuvaka.
Kuderera kweBhiza Resimbi
Iron Horse yakatanga kuderera pakati pezana remakore rechi20 nekukwira kwemotokari, ndege, uye dzimwe nzira dzekufambisa. Njanji dzakatarisana nemakwikwi akawedzera kubva kune dzimwe nzira dzekufambisa uye dzakanetseka kuti dzienderane nekuchinja kwemamiriro emusika.
Kuchengetedzwa uye Kudzoreredzwa kwe Historic Locomotives
Zvisinei nekudzikira kweIron Horse, zvitima zvakawanda zvenhoroondo zvakachengetwa nekudzoreredzwa. Zvitima izvi zvinoshanda sechiyeuchidzo chebasa rinokosha rakaitwa nenjanji mukusimudzira United States nedzimwe nyika.
Mhedziso: Nhaka yeBhiza reSimbi
Iron Horse yakashandura zvifambiso, yakakurudzira kukura kwehupfumi, uye yakafambisa kufamba kwezvinhu nevanhu munyika yose. Nhaka yeIron Horse ichiri kuonekwa nhasi muchimiro chezvitima zvakachengetedzwa uye mukuenderera mberi kwekushandiswa kwenjanji pakufambisa. Iron Horse ichagara ichirangarirwa sechiratidzo chekufambira mberi uye rwendo.
