Nhanganyaya: Chii chinonzi operculum?
Operculum chimiro chebhonzo chinovhara hura dzehove. Icho chikamu chakakosha chechimiro chemhando zhinji dzehove uye chinoita basa rakakosha mukurarama kwadzo. Iyo operculum iripo kumativi ose emusoro wehove uye inosungirirwa kune gill arch. Yakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza gill yakapfava, iyo ine basa rekutora okisijeni kubva mumvura, uye inobatsirawo mukugadzirisa kuyerera kwemvura pamusoro pemagill.
Anatomy yehove: Kunzwisisa operculum
Iyo operculum inoumbwa nemabhonzo mana mumhando dzehove zhinji. Aya mahwendefa anonzi preoperculum, suboperculum, interoperculum, uye operculum. Iyo operculum ndiyo hombe pamahwendefa mana uye inovhara iyo yese gill chamber. Iyo preoperculum uye suboperculum iri pazasi peiyo operculum uye inopa imwe dziviriro kumagill. Iyo interoperculum inowanikwa pakati pe preoperculum uye operculum uye inobatsira mukugadzirisa kuyerera kwemvura nekufamba nekudzoka. Iyo operculum yakabatana neiyo hyoid arch uye inofambiswa nemamhasuru akabatanidzwa kune gill arch.
Basa reoperculum mukufema
Operculum inoita basa rakakosha pakufema kwehove. Inogadzirisa kuyerera kwemvura pamusoro pemagill, ayo ane basa rekutora okisijeni kubva mumvura. Sezvo mvura inoyerera pamusoro pemagill, okisijeni inotorwa muropa, uye carbon dioxide inobudiswa. Iyo operculum inobatsira mukuchengetedza nguva dzose kuyerera kwemvura pamusoro pemagill nekuvhura nekuvhara gill chamber. Izvi zvinoita kuti hove iwane oxygen yakakwana kuti irarame.
Kuchengetedza gill: Kukosha kweiyo operculum
Iyo operculum inzira yakakosha yekudzivirira yegill. Inobatsira mukudzivirira marara, zvipembenene, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinokuvadza kupinda mukamuri yegill. Iyo operculum inodzivirira zvakare yakapfava gill filaments kubva mukukuvadzwa kwemuviri. Hove dzisina operculum dzinonyanya kukuvara kwegill uye hutachiona.
Kushandisa operculum: Inoshanda sei?
Iyo operculum inoshandiswa nemhasuru dzakasungirirwa kune gill arch. Idzi tsandanyama dzinobatirana uye dzozorora kuvhura nekuvhara operculum. Iyo interperculum inobatsira mukugadzirisa kuyerera kwemvura pamusoro pemagill nekufamba nekudzoka. Iyo operculum inoitawo basa mukuchengetedza kubhuroka kwehove. Sezvo hove inofamba mumvura, operculum inovhura kuti mvura iyerere pamusoro pemagill, uye inovhara kuti ibudise mvura kunze uye kugadzira kukanda.
Mhedzisiro yekumanikidzwa kwemvura pane operculum
Kudzvinyirirwa kwemvura kune simba guru pane operculum. Sezvo hove inofamba ichidzika mumvura, kudzvinyirira kunowedzera, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuti operculum ivhurwe. Mamwe marudzi ehove akachinjira kune aya mamiriro nekugadzira yakakura operculum kana kugadzirisa gill yavo.
Mupiro weoperculum mukuyeresa uye kusununguka
Iyo operculum inoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza kuenzana uye buoyancy yehove. Sezvo hove inofamba mumvura, operculum inovhura uye inovhara kugadzirisa kuyerera kwemvura pamusoro pemagill. Kufamba uku kunobatsirawo mukuchengetedza hove kugadzikana nekudzikama.
Kukurukurirana: Operculum kufamba mumagariro evanhu
Mamwe marudzi ehove anoshandisa operculum movement senzira yekukurukurirana. Semuenzaniso, macichlids echirume anoshandisa operculum flaring kukwezva vakadzi uye zvakare kutyisidzira vamwe varume. Dzimwe hove dzinoshandisawo operculum movement kuratidza njodzi kana utsinye.
Basa reoperculum mukugadzirwa kwezwi
Iyo operculum inoitawo basa mukugadzira ruzha mune mamwe marudzi ehove. Sezvo iyo operculum inovhura nekuvhara, inogadzira kubuda kana kudzvanya ruzha. Ruzha urwu runoshandiswa nedzimwe hove senzira yekukurukurirana kana kutsvaga mhuka.
Kusiyana pakati pe opercula mumhando dzakasiyana dzehove
Chimiro uye saizi yeoperculum inosiyana zvakanyanya pakati pemhando dzehove dzakasiyana. Dzimwe hove dzine hombe, dzakasimba opercula, nepo dzimwe dzine diki, dzakapfava. Dzimwe hove dzakagadziridzawo opercula inoshanda mamwe mabasa, sekugadzira ruzha kana kupa imwe dziviriro.
Evolution of the operculum: Historical kukosha
Iyo operculum yakashanduka pamusoro pemamiriyoni emakore kuti ive yakakosha kudzivirira uye yekudzora nzira yazviri nhasi. Kuvandudzwa kweoperculum kwakabvumira hove kuti dzifambe munzvimbo itsva uye dzichienderana nekuchinja kwezvakatipoteredza. Iyi nzira yemhindumupindu yakatungamirira kukusiyana kunoshamisa kwemhando dzehove dzatinoona nhasi.
Mhedziso: Kukosha kweiyo operculum mukupona kwehove
Mukupedzisa, operculum chikamu chakakosha chechimiro chehove zhinji. Inobata basa rakakosha mukufema, kuchengetedza magill, kugadzirisa kuyerera kwemvura, kuchengetedza kuenzanisa uye kufefetera, uye kutaurirana nedzimwe hove. Iyo operculum yakashanduka pamusoro pemamiriyoni emakore uye yakabvumira hove kuti dzienderane nekuchinja nharaunda uye kubudirira munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana. Kukosha kwaro mukurarama kwehove hakugoni kupfuudzwa.
